Материал: 212

16

ȼɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦɢ ɰɟɥɹɦɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɆȼȾ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɭɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨ ɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɛɥɚɝɨɬɜɨ ɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɢɫɤ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɟɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɫ ɧɚɪɤɨɦɚɧɢɟɣ ɛɟɫɩɪɢɡɨɪɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɛɟɡɪɚɛɨɬɢɰɟɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɦ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɭɬɜɟɪ ɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɈȼȾ ɫɨ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɫɬɢ ɝɥɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɱɟɬ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɜɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ

Ɋɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɛɟɡ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɨɛɳɢɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ

1)ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬ ɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɨ ɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɦ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸ ɳɢɦ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ

2)ɦɧɨɝɨɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɜ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɯ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ

3)ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɭɫɥɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɳɧɨ ɫɬɶɸ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɡɚɞɚɱɚɦɢ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ

4)ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɛɟɡ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɬɢɜɵ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ

5) ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɢɯ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɤɢɣ

ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ 6) ɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɨɛɳɟ

ɫɬɜɚ1.

Ʉ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢ

ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɤ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɨɛɟɫ ɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ

ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨ ɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɩɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧ ɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ

ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɟ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɚɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɣ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ

1 ɋɦ Ⱥɞɢɧɶɹɟɜ ɋ ɂ ɉɨɥɢɰɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɊɍȾɇ. ɋɟɪɢɹ ɘɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɚɭɤɢ. 2013. ʋ ɋ 55; Ɇɭɪɚɲɟɜ ɋ ȼ

Ɂɭɣɤɨɜ Ƚ Ƚ ɇɚɭɱɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ Ɇ Ⱥɤɚɞɟɦɢɹ ɆȼȾ ɋɋɋɊ ɋ 57.

17

ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɪɟɞ ɫɬɜɚɯ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ

ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɡɚ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɥɢ

ɰɢɢ

ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɩɚɝɚɧ ɞɵ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨ ɪɹɞɤɚ ɩ ɫɬ ɎɁ Ɉ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ )1.

ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɩɪɢɧ ɰɢɩɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬ ɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ

Ɍɚɤ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ Ɉ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɤ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɦ ɞɟɹ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ

ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɜɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ

ɫɬ 5);

ɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɬ 6); ɛɟɫɩɪɢɫɬɪɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɬ 7); ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɬ 8);

ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɫɬ 9); ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɢ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɬ 10);

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨ ɥɨɝɢɣ ɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɫɬ 11).

ɋ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɤ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɧ ɰɢɩɚɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɫ ɨɛɳɟ ɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ2:

1)ɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɱɟɬɤɨɟ ɢ ɧɟɭɤɨɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɧɨɪɦ ɩɪɚɜɚ Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣ ɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɟ ɞɟɥɚɯ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ

2)ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɚɹ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɪɟ ɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ

3)ɝɭɦɚɧɢɡɦ ɡɚɩɪɟɬ ɞɥɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɵ ɬɨɤ ɧɚɫɢɥɢɹ ɠɟɫɬɨɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɭɧɢɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɞɨɫɬɨɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɪɚɳɟ ɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ ɢ ɚɞɦɢ ɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ

4)ɝɥɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ

1Ɉ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ: Ɏɟɞɟɪ. ɡɚɤɨɧ Ɋɨɫ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɬ 07.02.2013 ʋ 3-ɎɁ Ɋɨɫ. ɝɚɡ. 2013. ʋ 28;

Ⱥɞɢɧɶɹɟɜ ɋ ɂ ɉɨɥɢɰɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɊɍȾɇ. ɋɟɪɢɹ ɘɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɚɭɤɢ. 2013. ʋ ɋ 57.

2ɋɦ Ʉɚɲɤɢɧɚ ȿ ȼ Ɍɟɪɟɧɬɶɟɜ ɗ ȼ Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨɛ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣ ɫɬɜɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɫ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɉɨɥɢɰɢɹ ɢ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɵ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɉɨɥɢɰɟɣɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ. 2012. ʋ 3. ɋ 13.

18

ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɨ ɫɬɚɜɲɢɯ ɢɡ ɜɟɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɮɚɤɬɚɯ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɯ

5)ɞɨɜɟɪɢɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɟɞɢɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ

6)ɞɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜ ɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɫ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɢɡ ɩɨ ɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɛɥɚɝɨ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ

ȼ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɹ ɜɵɲɟɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɢɫɤ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɭɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɡɚ ɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɛɚ ɥɚɧɫ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɇɨɜɵɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ Ɉ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɥɢɰɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɫ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɦ ɨɛɳɟ ɫɬɜɨɦ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɚ ɜɨɜɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɧɨ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɫɵɥɤɢ Ʉ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɫɵɥɤɚɦ ɫɥɟ ɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɢɬɟɬ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹ ɤɭɥɶ ɬɭɪɚ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɦɧɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɤ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɚɦɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɤ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɟɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɷɬɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɬɢ Ɏɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɫɵɥɨɤ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ

19

Ƚɥɚɜɚ 2. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɨɜ ȽɂȻȾȾ ɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɚɯ ɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɨɩɶɹɧɟɧɢɹ

ɋ ɦɚɪɬɚ 2011 ɝ ɜɫɬɭɩɢɥ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɨɬ 07.02.2011 ʋ -ɎɁ Ɉ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɟɬ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɤɭɸ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ

ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɱɟɬɤɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɟɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɨɛɹ ɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɟɟ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɚ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɟɬ ɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɨ ɨɬ ɧɟɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɟɦɭ ɢ ɞɭɛɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɫɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɗɬɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪ ɫɬɜɚ ɨɬ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɵɯ ɩɨɫɹɝɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟ ɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɞɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɦ ɞɟɥɚɦ ɪɨɡɵɫɤ ɥɢɰ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɞɟɥɚɦ ɨɛ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚ ɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɧɚɤɚɡɚɧɢɣ ɇɚ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɸ ɜɨɡɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ ɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɧɚɞ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɨɦ ɨɪɭɠɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɬɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢ ɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɝɨɫɡɚ ɳɢɬɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ȼɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬ ɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɧɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɧɨ- ɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ1.

Ⱦɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɎɁ Ɉ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɟ ɱɬɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɜɧɭɬ ɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɧɟ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚɦɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɜɨɢɦɢ ɫɢɥɚɦɢ ɫɩɪɚɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɟɪɜɨɩɪɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ ɭɩɚɞɤɚ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɧɭɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɞ ɞɟɪɠɤɟ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɧɟɭɞɢɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɪɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɆȼȾ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɫ ɜɵɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɋ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɨɛɳɟ ɫɬɜɚ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɋ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɜɨɜɥɟ ɱɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɜɨɡ ɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɧɨɫɢɬɶ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɜ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ2. ȼ ɨɛɦɟɧ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɧɭɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ

ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɚɦ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɩɨɥɢ ɰɢɢ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɹ ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɝɨɬɨɜɚ ɜɵɫɥɭɲɢɜɚɬɶ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɢɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦɢ3 ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɣ ɩɨɞ

1ɋɦ ɋɟɪɝɟɟɜ ɋ Ⱥ ɉɨɥɢɰɢɹ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ

// ɉɪɚɜɨ ɢ ɠɢɡɧɶ. 2012. ʋ 165 (3).

2ɇɚɢɥɭɱɲɚɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ȼɟɧɚ ɈȻɋȿ ɋ. 19-20.

3Jerome H. Skolnick/David H. Bayley (1988), Community Policing: Issues and Practices

20

ɯɨɞ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɬɜɟ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɩɟɲ ɧɵɦ ɥɢɲɶ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɹ ɫ ɨɛɟɢɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɫɵɥɤɨɣ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɤɢɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧ ɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɡɢɫ ɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɭɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɜ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɫ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢ ɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢ ɟɦ1 ɇɚ ɧɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜ

ɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟ ɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɹ ɢ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɗɬɨ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪ ɫɬɜɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɢ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɢɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɢɧ ɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɭɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ ɫɜɨɸ ɥɟɝɢɬɢɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɢ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɭɫɥɭɝ2.

ɍɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨ ɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɦɟɪɚɯ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɨɦɨɱɶ ɩɪɨ ɧɢɤɧɭɬɶɫɹ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟɦ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɚɦɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ

Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɳɢɣ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɬɜɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬ ɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨ ɢ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨ ɪɚɛɨ ɬɚɥ ɜɫɟ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɝɨɬɨɜɵ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪ ɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɢ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɝɨɫɭ ɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɦɢ3.

ȼɨɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɤɢɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɢɜɟ ɞɟɬ ɤ ɭɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɸ ɧɟɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɸ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɸ ɨɬ ɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɦɢ ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɹ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ

around the World (U.S. Department of Justice. National Institute of Justice. Washington, 1988. ɋ.12; and Friedmann (1992). ɋ. 28.

1ɇɚɢɥɭɱɲɚɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ȼɟɧɚ ɈȻɋȿ ɋ. 23.

2ɋɦ.: Ɍɚɦ ɠɟ. ɋ. 23-24.

3Jerome H. Skolnick/David H. Bayley (1988), Community Policing: Issues and Practices

around the World (U.S. Department of Justice. National Institute of Justice. Washington, 1988. ɋ. 12; and Friedmann (1992). ɋ. 30.