L O N D O N |
255 |
$5. Ibid., 247. On Marx's sources here, see B. Mazlish, 'The tragic Farce of Marx, Hegel and Engels', History and Theory (1972).
•;(,. MESW 1 252. 57. Ibid., 318.
^8. Ibid., 319.
59.Ibid., 324.
60.Ibid., 332.
61.Ibid.
62.Ibid., 333.
63.Ibid.
64.Ibid., 339.
65.Ibid., 340.
6 6 . MEW XXVII 5 0 2 .
67.Jenny Marx, Kurze Umrisse eines bewegten Lebens, Mohr und General, p. 212.
68.Marx to Weydemeyer, MEW XXVII 560.
69.W. Liebknecht, Karl Marx. Biographical Memoirs, pp. 106 ff.
70.Quoted in B. Nicolaievsky, 'Toward a History of the Communist League 1847-1852', International Review of Social History, 1 (1956) p. 249.
71.B. Nicolaievsky, op. cit., p. 251.
72.Ibid., pp. 251 ff.
73.On the background, see further, R. Livingstone, Introduction to K. Marx,
The Cologne Communist Trial (London and New York, 1971).
74.The Times, 13 October 1852, p. 6.
7 5 . MEW XXVIII 6 4 0 f f .
76.Varnhagen von Ense, Tagebucher, 411 quoted in K. Obermann, Zur Geschichte des Bundes der Kommunisten 1849-52, p. 125.
7 7 . MEW VIII 4 6 1 .
78. Ibid., 437.
79. F. Freiligrath, Briefwechsel mit Marx und Engels, ed. M. Hackel (Berlin, 1968)
1 31; |
MEW |
XXVIII 1 7 0 . |
8 0 . MEW |
XXVIII |
1 9 5 . |
81.Die kommunistischen Verschworungen der neunzehnten Jahrhunderts, ed. Wermuth and Stieber (Berlin, 1853) 1 276.
8 2 . MEW XXVII 1 6 9 .
83.Ibid., 184.
84.Ibid., 548.
8 5 . MEW XXVIII 4 7 8 .
86.See further, G. Becker, 'Der neue Arbeiter-Verein in London 1852', Zeitschrift fur Geisteswissenschaft (1966).
87.MEW xxvm 527.
88.Bangya, however, was not put off by the discovery of his activities: even in 1853 he was used by Kossuth to negotiate with the French Government. He
242 |
K A R L M A R X : A B I O G R A P H Y |
then went to Constantinople, became a Muslim and an officer in the Turkish army, was condemned to death for treason with the Russians, but was freed and returned to Constantinople. There he became press officer to the Grand Vizier Kiprisli Pascha and died in 1868 as a Turkish police lieutenant. The manuscript, entitled Heroes of the Exile, is translated in K. Marx, The Cologne Communist Trial, ed. R. Livingstone.
8 9 . MEW XXVII 1 1 0 0 .
90. Ibid.
91. Ibid., 101.
92.Ibid.
93.Ibid., 576.
94.MEW vni 575. Further on Willich, see L. Easton, 'August Willich, Marx and Left Hegelian Socialism', Etudes de Marxologie (1965).
95.MEW xxvin 30.
96.Ibid., 43.
97.Quoted in F. Mehring, Karl Marx, p. 242.
9 8 . MEW XXVII 3 7 7 .
99.Ibid., 184.
100.Ibid., 193.
101. Ibid., 195 f.
102.Ibid., 561.
103.Marx's feelings were not reciprocated by Harney, who towards the end of his life still considered Marx 'one of the most warm-hearted, genial and attractive of men'.
104. Engels to Marx, MEW xxxn 253.
1 0 5 . M E W XXVII 1 5 3 .
106.Ibid., 591.
107.MEW xxvm 523.
108.Ibid., 125.
109. |
MEW x 126. |
|
||
n o . |
Cf. MEW xxvm |
433. |
||
i n . |
Ibid., |
434. |
|
|
112. |
xxix 44 f. |
|
|
|
113. |
See further, J. Saville, Ernest Jones Chartist (London, 1952). |
|||
114. |
MEW xxvm |
30. |
|
|
1 1 5 . |
MEW |
XXVII |
6 0 8 . |
|
116. MEW xxvm |
128 |
f. |
||
117. Marx to Cluss, MEW xxvm 560. |
||||
118. ME W xxvm |
272. |
|
||
119. |
Ibid. |
300. |
|
|
120.Cf. M. Kovalevsky, 'Meetings with Marx', Reminiscences, p. 298; H. M. Hyndman, Record of an Adventurous Life (London, 1911) pp. 277 ff.
L O N D O N |
2 4 3 |
121. F. Freiligrath, Briefwechsel mit Marx und Engels 1 1 34. 122. Jenny Marx to Weydemeyer, MEW XXVII 607.
123. Quoted in, F. Mehring, Karl Marx, p. 227.
1 2 4 . MEW XXVIII 3 0 .
125.Ibid., 147.
126.Ibid., 377.
127.Jenny Marx to Bertha Markheim, in B. Andreas, Dokumente, p. 176.
128.Ibid.
1 2 9 . MEW XXVIII 3 9 3 .
130. W. Liebknecht, Karl Marx. Biographical Memoirs, pp. 129 ff. 131. Ibid., p. 146.
132.Ibid., pp. 149 ff.
133.Archiv fiir die Geschichte des Sozialismus, x (1922) pp. 56 ff.
134.Reminiscences of Marx and Engels, p. 228.
135.Jenny Marx, 'Short Sketch of an Eventful Life', Reminiscences, p. 228.
136.Ibid., p. 227.
1 3 7 . |
MEW |
XXVIII |
5 2 7 . |
1 3 8 . |
MEW |
XXVII |
5 3 6 . |
139. |
MEW |
xxvn |
293. |
1 4 0 . |
MEW |
XXVIII |
3 7 0 . |
141.Ibid. 410.
142.MEW xxvm 442.
143.W. Liebknecht, Karl Marx. Biographical Memoirs, p. 123.
144.Reminiscences, p. 227.
145.There is a quite exceptional gap in the Marx-Engels correspondence of two weeks either side of Frederick's birth date.
146.Nimm was Lenchen's nickname. The whole Marx family had a great attraction to nicknames: Marx himself was usually Mohr or Moor (from his dark complexion); Engels was General (from his military studies); and Eleanor was Tussy (to rhyme with pussy).
147.The letter is quoted in full in A. Kunzli, Karl Marx, Eine Psychographie, pp. 326 ff. Further on Frederick Demuth, see R. Payne, Karl Marx, final chapter; Y. Kapp, Eleanor Marx (London, 1972); D. Heisler, 'Ungeliebter Sohn', Der Spiegel, 23 Nov 1972.
148.MEW xxv 11 566.
149.MEW xxvm 54.
150.Reminiscences of Marx and Engels, p. 239.
151. MEW xxv in 161 f.
152.Ibid. 327.
153.Quoted in A. Kunzli, Karl Marx. Eine Psychographie, pp. 320 ff.
1 5 4 . MEW XXVIII 5 2 7 .
242 |
K A R L M A R X : A B I O G R A P H Y |
155.Marx to Jenny Marx, MEW xxix 532 ff. This letter is written in the semiironical tone typical of, for example, Heine.
156.W. Liebknecht, Karl Marx, Biographical Memoirs, p. 132.
157.Ibid., p. 133.
1 5 8 . MEW XXVIII 6 1 7 .
159.Cf. Marx to Engels, MEW xxx 325.
160.Archiv fur die Geschichte des Sozialismus, x (1992) pp. 56 ff.
161. Cf. MEW xxvm 618.
162.MEW xxvii 204 f.
163.MEW xxix 540.
164.MEW xxvm 656.
165.Ibid., 217.
166.Ibid., 313.
167.Ibid., 314.
168.Ibid., 442.
169.Ibid., 444.
170.G. Mayer, Friedrich Engels, 11 356. For an example which his daughters failed
to destroy see Marx to Jenny, MEW xxxiv 344, where, on the death of Lizzie Burns, Engels' second wife, he makes fun of her illiteracy and speaks in a derogatory tone of Engels himself.
171. Archiv fur die Geschichte des Sozialismus, x (1922) pp. 56 ff.
172.Eleanor Marx, Preface to K. Marx (sic), Revolution and Counter-Revolution
(London, 1971) p. vii.
1 7 3 . |
MEW |
XXVII |
5 1 6 . |
174. |
MEW VII 432 |
f. |
|
1 7 5 . |
MEW |
XXVII |
5 9 8 . |
1 7 6 . |
MEW |
XXVIII |
4 9 8 . |
177.Ibid., 520.
178.Ibid., 592.
179.Ibid., 302.
180.Ibid., 452.
181. |
MEW |
xxix |
47. |
182. |
W. Liebknecht, Karl Marx, Biographical Memoirs, p. 59. For Wolff, cf. MEW |
||
|
XXIX |
2 2 5 . |
|
1 8 3 . |
MEW |
XXVIII |
1 1 6 . |
184. |
Ibid., |
118. |
|
1 8 5 . |
MEW |
XXVII |
1 7 1 . |
186.Ibid., 228.
187.F. Lassalle, Nachgelassene Briefe und Schriften, ed. G. Mayer (Stuttgart, 1921)
HI i}f.
1 8 8 . MEW XXVII 2 3 3 f.
189. Ibid., 560.
L O N D O N |
243 |
190. |
Ibid. |
|
|
1 9 1 . |
MEW |
XXVII |
3 7 3 f. |
192. |
Ibid., |
375. |
|
193. |
MEW |
XXVIII |
4 8 6 . |
194.Ibid., 592.
195.Ibid., 226.
1 9 6 . MEW XXVII 2 9 6 .
197.Ibid., 314.
198.For the references of Marx's correspondence with Dana, see H. Draper, 'Marx, Engels and the New American Cyclopaedia', Etudes de Marxologie (1968).
199.The articles have been republished under Marx's name by Allen & Unwin as recendy as 1971. The back of the book has a quotation from a review
which reads: 'Excellent specimens of that marvellous gift of M a r x . . . of apprehending clearly the character, the significance and the necessary consequences of great historical events at a time when these events are actually in the course of taking place.' The author of the quotation is given as Engels.
2 0 0 . MEW, XXVIII 2 0 9 .
201. MEW xxvm 323.
J02. Ibid.
203.MEW xix 126.
204.C. Dana to Marx, MEW xiv 679.
205.See, in general, H. Christman, The American Journalism of Marx and Engels
(New York, 1966).
106.See K. Marx, Secret Diplomatic History of Eighteenth Century, ed. L. Hutchison (London, 1970).
J07. Marx to Lassalle, MEW xxx 547.
208.C. Dana to Marx, MEW xiv 679. See further K. Marx and F. Engels, The Russian Menace to Europe, ed. Blackstock and Hoselitz (London, 1953); K. Marx and F. Engels, Die Russische Kommune, ed. M. Rubel (Munich, 1972).
209.K. Marx, 'The Future of British Rule in India', MESW 1 352.
210.For Marx's views on this 'Asiatic' mode of production, see G. Lichtheim, 'Marx and the Asiatic Mode of Production', St Anthony's Papers (1963), and the literature there referred to.
211. See further, Karl Marx on Colonialism and Modernization, ed. S. Avineri (New York, 1968). The excellent edition, K. Marx and F. Engels, The Collected Writings in the New York Daily Tribune, ed. Ferguson and O'Neil (New York 1973), contains a wealth of detail on the publishing history.