Материал: PipelineU1

GRAMMAR REVISION

33Ex. 1 Read the following international words and word combinations and give their Russian equivalents:

Ex. 2 Form adjectives from the following verbs by means of suffix “-able” and translate the resultant adjectives into Russian:

to rely

to transport

to detect

to observe

to receive

to predict

to accept

to deny

to read

to justify

to advise

to desire

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Ex.3. Arrange the following related verbs and nouns in pairs and translate them into Russian:

Ex 4. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Pay attention to Passive Voice:

1.Pipe is a long, hollow cylinder, usually steel, through which fluids are conducted.

2.Oil or gas is transferred to a pipeline by pipeline connection and then transported away from the field.

3.When uncoated pipelines are flooded with seawater, the extent of corrosion can be considerable.

4.Pumping stations are controlled by the specialists who communicate with a lot of points on the pipeline system hundreds of miles away.

5.Pipelines are used throughout the world for various purposes, the primary aim of which is safe and economic transportation of energy products like hydrocarbons and water supplies.

6.In case of an accident, pipeline operators are trained to shutdown pipeline systems quickly and safety with the help of emergency shutdown systems.

7.Traditional processes of automation of oil and gas industry can be divided into three main parts: automation of extraction of oil and gas, automation of processing of oil and gas and automation of transportation of oil and gas.

8.Fuel is brought to electrical power-generating plants and factory complexes by

pipelines.

9.Testing and any robotic inspection procedures are greatly simplified by the improved mobility of the equipment travelling down an internally coated pipe.

10.To protect underground pipelines from corrosion external coatings and cathodic protection are applied.

11.The thick layer of polyolefin, which provides a high level of damage resistance, is deemed to facilitate installation under conditions of harsh environments.

12.Buried steel pipes for the transportation of liquid and gaseous media are protected against corrosion by coating with thermoplastic material or thermosetting compounds.

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13.The acoustic sensors are installed at strategic points along the pipeline and are responsible for reading the dynamic signals used to identify leak events.

14.The number and placement position of sensors are determined according to fluid transported, pipeline diameter, operating pressure, length of the protected pipeline section, position of branches and pump stations.

15.The development of oil and gas resources in the Arctic is based on a large amount of research and the use of new technologies that ensures both the efficient exploration and production, decreases capital costs and with all relevant safety and environmental norms.

16.Scientific and technical support for offshore oil and gas projects is made up by specific geographic, geological, geophysical, meteorological and climatic conditions, as well as engineering and the locations of the resources.

17.New technology advances are focused on the need to create subsea, under ice oil and gas facilities and mobile equipment for all-year drilling in frozen seas.

18.The natural gas market is divided into four segments: production, transport, storage and distribution, in each of these segments the quantity of natural gas flowing through the pipelines must be metered.

Ex 5. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Pay attention to “may”, “can”, “must” + Infinitive:

1.The sediments can contain significant amounts of organic material.

2.Gas can be liquefied by temperature and pressure changes.

3.Pipelines can transport large quantities of oil, refined oil products or natural gas over

land.

4.Although pipelines can be built under the sea, that process is economically and technically demanding, so the majority of oil at sea is transported by tanker ships.

5.Multi-product pipelines can be used to transport two or more different products in sequence in the same pipeline.

6.These distribution pipelines must have taken the products to the final consumer.

7.Those instruments must have been installed along the pipeline on some specific locations, such as injection or delivery stations, pump stations (liquid pipelines) or compressor stations.

8.Pipelines can be controlled and operated remotely, from what is usually known as The Main Control Room.

9.In this center, all the data related to field measurement can be consolidated in one central database.

10.The data must have been received from multiple Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) along the pipeline.

11.We can find Remote Terminal Units installed at every station along the pipeline.

12.Remote Terminal Units can transfer the field data to a central location in real time using communication systems.

13.The operator can monitor the hydraulic conditions of the line, as well as send operational commands through the SCADA system to the field.

14.Composed of several pieces of equipment, pipeline networks can move products from location to location.

15.The location of these compressor stations can be defined by the topography of the terrain, the type of product being transported, or operational conditions of the network.

16.With these valves the operator can isolate any segment of the line for maintenance work or isolate a rupture or leak.

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17.Gas may be used directly on site to generate electricity or piped to a remote generating station.

18.Small fields may require storage facilities on site, and road tankers transport the product to refineries.

19.Liquid pipeline can be used to move different kinds of liquids.

20.Larger fields may require additional wellhead sites linked by pipelines.

Words to the text "Oil & Gas Transport"

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17.diagnostician (n) контролер, специалист по диагностике

18.maintenance инспектор по техническому обслуживанию inspector