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SUSTAINABLE WATER USE IN THE ARCTIC. NEW APPROACHES AND SOLUTIONS
Kashulin N. A.
Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems of the Kola Science Centre of the RAS (Apatity, Murmansk region, Russian Federation)
Skufina T. P.
Luzin Institute for Economic Studies -- Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre «Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences» (Apatity, Murmansk region, Russian Federation)
Dauvalter V. A.
Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems of the Kola Science Centre of the RAS (Apatity, Murmansk region, Russian Federation)
Kotelnikov V. A.
Polar Alpine Botanical Garden and Institute of the Kola Science Centre of the RAS (Apatity, Murmansk region, Russian Federation)
Abstract
The article considers the reasons for the decrease in the resource potential of surface waters in the European part of the Arctic region. The existing linear nature-destructive economic models in the conditions of the Arctic do not ensure the sustainable development of the region, leading to the degradation of natural systems. The solution could be a search for new approaches and principles of environmental management based on innovative models and nature-like principles of circular economy, accumulated knowledge in the fields of ecology and biomimetics. The possibility of implementing the global trend of wastewater reuse in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) is considered.
In the context of circular economy with cyclical product use, when economic development is balanced with the protection of natural resources and environmental sustainability, wastewater is a widely available and valuable resource. Due to the reuse, wastewater becomes an additional resource that ensures the water use sustainability. The basis of these approaches are nature-like biomimetic technologies, repeating the principles of functioning of biological systems at various levels, capable of processing low-concentrated raw materials, with low energy and resource costs, providing economic benefits and successfully competing with traditional approaches in the economy. To implement priority innovation and investment projects in the field of low-temperature biotechnology, it is obvious that a regional research and production infrastructure for the biotechnology development will be created in the Russian Arctic.
Keywords: Arctic, sustainable water use, circular economy, biotechnology, microalgae.