Материал: 4354
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Vocabulary notes:
impoverished – poor
borough – a town or district which is an administrative unit to struggle – to have difficulty handling or coping with
mortgage – a legal agreement by which a bank lends money at interest in exchange for taking title of the debtor's property
to repay – to pay back
loan repayment rate – a fixed price paid or charged for a loan to collapse – to fail suddenly
wares – articles offered for sale
microcredit – the lending of small amounts of money at low interest to new businesses in the developing world
robust – strong
catering – providing people with food and drink at a social event
to drum up – to attempt to obtain something by canvassing or soliciting marketable – able or fit to be sold or marketed
increment – an increase or addition, especially one of a series on a fixed scale to save – to keep and store up (something, especially money) for future use
to raise funds – to increase the amount of funds deposit – a sum of money paid into a bank
donation – something that is given to a charity, especially a sum of money recession – a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and
industrial activity are reduced
tax return – a form on which a taxpayer makes an annual statement of income and personal circumstances, used by the tax authorities to assess liability for tax
to foster – to encourage the development of something
Discussion
1.What is microcredit? Who can use such loans?
2.Find information about people who got loans in the article and complete the table. If no information is given, write 'not given':
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business |
needing the loan |
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loan |
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$2,00 |
catering |
going to baking |
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class and getting |
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business |
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given |
more business |
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$1,00 |
selling Avon |
wants to build her |
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products |
business |
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studying business |
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administration |
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3.Discuss the following statements in pairs or small groups. What do they mean? What is your response?
"Many Americans say, 'Oh we don't have poverty in the United States.' But we do, just like every country around the world we need to focus on microcredit," she said.
"Microcredit cannot depend on small donations. This is a business, it should be run like a business," Yunus said.
"This business has made me open up my horizons, it's amazing," said Castillo, who also works part-time as a medical biller and pays back $22 a week on her loan. "I never expected this of myself .... It has given me so much strength."
4.What type of personal investments do you prefer?
5.What are the advantages and disadvantages of the different types?
Vocabulary
I. Give English equivalents.
Ипотека; бедный; микрокредитование; малый бизнес; сбережения; товары; экономить; потерпеть крах, неудачу; налоговая декларация; погашать заём; зазывать, вербовать; депозит; расширять бизнес; стимулировать, побуждать; товарный, рыночный; спад, рецессия; процентная ставка; акционер; товарооборот; открытая акционерная компания; финансовый год; годовой отчёт; инвестор; отчёт о прибылях и убытках; балансовый отчёт; вычитать; валовая прибыль; чистая прибыль; банковский счёт; текущий счёт; счёт в зарубежном
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банке; депозитный счёт; накладные расходы; валюта; доход от операций; доход в расчёте на акцию.
II. Match up the words on the left with the definition on the right.
1) deposit account |
a) as soon as or whenever required |
2) cash |
b) to increase the amount of funds |
3) annual report |
c) a fixed price paid or charged for a loan |
4) on-demand |
d) the lending of small amounts of money at low |
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interest to new businesses in the developing world |
5) loan repayment rate |
e) a bank account that pays interest |
6) microcredit |
f) a statement of the assets, liabilities, and capital of a |
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business or other organization at a particular point in |
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time, detailing the balance of income and expenditure |
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over the preceding period |
7) balance sheet |
g) a thing that is borrowed, especially a sum of money |
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that is expected to be paid back with interest |
8) tax return |
h) money in coins or notes, as distinct from cheques, |
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money orders, or credit |
9) to raise funds |
i) a form on which a taxpayer makes an annual |
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statement of income and personal circumstances, used |
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by the tax authorities to assess liability for tax |
10) loan |
j) a report issued yearly by an organization giving an |
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account of its internal workings and especially its |
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finances |
III. Give Russian equivalents.
Mortgage, balance sheet, to raise funds, annual report, recession, to collapse, tax return, deposit, to foster, bank account, loan repayment rate, to repay, microcredit, financial year, donation, marketable, overheads, impoverished, savings, gross profit, net profit, current account.
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IV. Fill in a preposition where necessary.
1.In addition … America, the Grameen Bank operates … Kosovo, Turkey,
Zambia, Costa Rica, Guatemala and Indonesia.
2.Grameen America now operates … lending out money gathered … donations and money from payments … existing loans.
3.Microcredit cannot depend … small donations.
4.Like every country around the world we need to focus … microcredit.
5.All public companies in the UK are obliged … law to publish their financial results … the end of the year.
6.Annual holidays vary greatly … country … country.
7.It surprises me that people spend 22% … their income … food and drinks.
8.In 1999 the minimum wage was set at ₤3.60 an hour … adults and ₤3.00 … young workers aged … eighteen and twenty-one.
9.A profit and loss account is a statement … the cash available … the company.
10.So looking … the operating profit this should give managers the idea on how efficiently they’re running … the company.
11.You can switch … currencies free … charge to take full advantage of interest and exchange-rate benefits.
12.To receive the maximum benefit … the investment opportunities, we recommend a deposit … minimum ₤10,000.
13.To benefit … the higher rate of interest you need to have ₤1000 … your account.
14.It’s important to make sure that you get a good return … your investment.
15.Contact Jyske Bank today … further information … our No. 1 Account and other opportunities.
V. Complete the dialogue with words from the box.
small businesses |
bank account |
microfinance |
loans |
tax return |
donations |
bank |
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Yoko: Hey Josie, how's it going? Did you get the loan?
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Josie: Are you kidding? Of course not. That bank just laughed at me, just like the others.
Yoko: Well I may have some good news. I was on the subway and I've just been reading an article about the Grameen Bank.
Josie: Isn't that the … that's in Bangladesh and other places? It loans money to people to start …?
Yoko: Yes, but now it's here in New York! They've started a … business, Grameen America and it has a branch here in Queens.
Josie: Really? That would be so great if they would give me a loan. But they'll just laugh too!
Yoko: No, they have already lent money to nearly 600 women here in New York. I thought you'd be interested so I got a copy of the newspaper.
Josie: Well, what would I need to show them?
Yoko: Hang on, okay well, you need 2 forms of ID, and a …. That's because they want to see your financial situation. And you need to open a ….
Josie: What's that for?
Yoko: Well, as well as paying off your loan, you need to put in $2 a week to encourage you to save.
Josie: This all seems too good to be true! Where is the bank getting its money from?
Yoko: Wait a minute, oh yes, here it is. It takes money from … and also from payments on existing ….
VI. Use the following words and make word partnerships to name typical
banking products and services. |
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credit |
cheque |
currency |
account |
cards |
investment |
offshore |
book |
foreign |
opportunities |
VII. Your bank features basic accounts for customers. Write 1–2 characteristics for each type of account.
current account deposit account offshore account