Материал: Сборник устных тем по англ.языку
51
Новые
методы
широко
используются
в
медицине
.
New methods are applied widely in
medicine.
быть
доступным
to be available to
Медицинское
обслуживание
доступно
каждому
.
Medical service is available to
everyone.
нехватка
,
недостаток
чего
-
то
shortage/ lack of
Многие
сельские
больницы
закрываются
из
-
за
нехватки
медицинского
персонала
.
Many rural hospitals are closed due
to the shortage of medical personnel.
окружающая
среда
surrounding environment
загрязнение
воздуха
air pollution
загрязнять
,
заражать
чем
-
то
to pollute/ to contaminate
with
smth
Наша
окружающая
среда
загрязняется
отходами
.
Our environment is polluted with
waste products.
загрязнять
реку
отходами
to contaminate a river with waste
products
подвергать
(
ся
)
радиоактивному
об
-
лучению
to expose (to be exposed) to
radiation
Ряд
территорий
подвергся
радио
-
активному
облучению
.
Some territories were exposed to
radiation.
иметь
право
на
to be entitled to/ to have a right to
профессиональная
вредность
occupational (industrial) hazards
бытовые
травмы
environmental hazards
вредные
привычки
harmful habits
пенсия
по
инвалидности
,
старости
disability pension, old-age
pension
получать
пенсию
to get a pension
уйти
на
пенсию
to retire/ to be on a pension
инвалидность
(
нетрудоспособность
)
disability
инвалид
invalid/ disabled (handicapped)
person
Учреждения
здравоохранения
- Medical Institutions
аптека
chemist’s (shop)/ pharmacy/
drugstore (Am)
амбулатория
ambulatory
больница
hospital
52
поликлиника
out-patient hospital/ polyclinic
центр
здоровья
health centre
дом
отдыха
rest home
станция
/
больница
скорой
медицинс
-
кой
помощи
first aid station/emergency
hospital
санаторий
sanatorium
профилакторий
night sanatorium
курорт
health resort
дородовые
,
послеродовые
женские
консультации
ante-natal, post-natal clinics
(dispensary)/ maternity consultation
родильный
дом
maternity hospital
дом
престарелых
home for the aged/ home for old
people
дом
инвалидов
invalid home
фельдшерско
-
акушерский
пункт
feldsher-obstetric station
диспансер
dispensary
медицинская
лаборатория
medical laboratory
клиника
clinic
Reference Vocabulary
больничный
лист
sick-leave
быть
на
больничном
to be on a sick-leave
продлить
больничный
to extend a sick-leave
выплата
,
плата
pay
донор
donor
иметь
пристрастие
to be addicted to
Он
пристрастился
к
алкоголю
.
He is addicted to alcohol.
лечиться
to undertake treatment
направлять
в
больницу
to direct/ to refer to hospital
наследственность
heredity
наследственные
заболевания
hereditary diseases
обеспечивать
пребывание
to provide accomodation
отпуск
по
беременности
maternity leave
получатель
(
при
переливании
крови
)
recepient
53
пособие
allowance
Государство
обязано
выплачивать
пособие
инвалидам
.
The Government should pay
allowance to disabled persons.
приостановить
,
пресечь
развитие
болезни
to check a disease/ to control a
disease
проходить
профилактический
осмотр
to be followed up
путевка
voucher
развивать
,
тщательно
разрабатывать
to elaborate
состоять
на
учете
to be registered
состоять
на
учете
в
диспансере
to be registered in dispensary
стоимость
,
расход
expense
за
счет
ассигнований
на
здравоохранение
at the expense of Public Health
allocations
усовершенствовать
оборудование
to sophisticate equipment
II. Read this text. Be ready to discuss it.
PUBLIC HEALTH IN BELARUS
The Constitution of the Republic of Belarus guarantees the right to health
protection for all citizens of our country ensuring them material security in
sickness, disability and in old age. Health protection in the Republic of Belarus
is free of charge. Any person who falls ill is entitled to sick-leave pay.
The prevention of diseases and extension of the life-span are the major
principles of our health service. Now the life-span of Belarusian people averages
63.2 years for men and 74.5 years for women. The mortality rate is 14.3/
0
.
In
2004 the birth rate was 9/
0
, the infant mortality was 6.9/
0
.
A sick person may undertake treatment at various medical institutions
such as out-patient and in-patient hospitals, health centres, rest homes,
emergency hospitals, sanatoria and etc. The total number of doctors in these
institutions is about 46,000 and that of nursing personnel is 119,000. Every year
more than 1,460 young doctors graduate from four higher medical schools.
Paramedical personnel are trained at 17 specialized medical colleges.
At the out-patient hospitals patients receive out-patient treatment. There is
a broad range of well-equipped laboratories for making analyses and procedure-
rooms. There are 651 hospitals in the Republic of Belarus which provide
qualified in-patient treatment and have all the necessary modern facilities for
making a diagnosis. We have specialized health centres: cardiologic, neurologic,
oncologic, and others.
54
Much has been done in the Republic of Belarus to solve the problem of
mother and child welfare. There are special labour laws for pregnant women.
We have thousands of child health centres, special children’s hospitals and out-
patient departments, numerous ante-natal and post-natal clinics.
Belarusian people may build up their health at sanatoria and rest-homes.
Great attention is paid to the surrounding environment - the elimination of air
pollution with industrial and automobile gases, the control of growing noises in
large cities.
There are nine Research Institutes in the Republic of Belarus which make
great efforts to resolve the most topical problems of Public Health, to coordinate
the research work of the Chairs of Higher Medical Schools of our country. The
activity of these institutions is aimed at elaborating new methods of treatment
and applying them in current practice. The Ministry of Public Health of the
Republic of Belarus heads the scientific activity of researchers. It has provided
our scientists in the field of medicine with the best possible conditions for
developing their creative initiative.
TEXT VOCABULARY
material security
денежное
обеспечение
to be entitled to
иметь
право
на
13.5/
0
количество
на
1000
населения
broad range
широкий
круг
welfare
благосостояние
labour law
закон
об
охране
труда
to build up one’s health
восстановить
здоровье
to resolve
решать
,
принимать
решение
topical
актуальный
current
настоящий
,
текущий
creative initiative
творческая
инициатива
III. Answer the following questions.
1.
What right does the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus guarantee?
2.
Health protection in the Republic of Belarus is free of charge, isn’t it?
3.
What are the major principles of our health service?
4.
What is the life-span (mortality rate, the birth rate) of Belarusian people?
5.
Where may a sick person undertake treatment?
6.
Where are young physicians trained?
7.
How many specialized medical colleges are there in the Republic of Belarus?
8.
How many hospitals are there in the Republic of Belarus?
9.
What specialized health centres are there in our country?
10. What has been done to solve the problem of mother and child welfare?
55
11. Is great attention paid to the elimination of air pollution?
12. How many Research Institutes are there in the Republic of Belarus?
13.What is the activity of the Research Institutes in our country aimed at?
14.What establishment heads the scientific activity of our scientists in the field
of medicine?
IV. Ask your groupmate:
if the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus ensures material security in
sickness, disability and old age;
if any person who falls ill is entitled to sick-leave pay;
what the major principles of our health service are;
what the infant mortality was in 1999;
where a sick person may undertake treatment;
what the total number of doctors in medical institutions is;
what treatment patients receive at the out-patient hospital;
if our hospitals have all the necessary modern facilities for making a proper
diagnosis;
if there are special labour laws for pregnant women;
where Belarusian people may build up their health;
where paramedical personnel are trained;
if the Ministry of Public Health of Belarus heads the activities of
researchers
V. Translate into English.
1.
Увеличение
продолжительности
жизни
–
это
проблема
,
которой
занимается
геронтология
.
2.
Кроме
оплачиваемого
декретного
отпуска
,
женщина
имеет
право
на
ежемесячное
пособие
.
3.
Школьники
регулярно
проходят
профилактические
медицинские
осмотры
.
4.
Профилактика
позволяет
предупредить
и
вовремя
излечить
сердечно
-
сосудистые
,
онкологические
и
другие
заболевания
.
5.
Есть
ли
в
вашей
семье
наследственные
заболевания
сердца
?
6.
Государство
прилагает
большие
усилия
для
решения
проблемы
загрязнения
окружающей
среды
.
7.
Каждый
гражданин
нашей
страны
может
получить
медицинскую
помощь
бесплатно
.
8.
Вероятно
,
легче
предупредить
заболевание
,
чем
лечить
,
не
так
ли
?
9.
Почему
вакцинация
позволяет
снизить
уровень
инфекционных
заболеваний
?
10.
Кровь
для
переливания
берут
у
здорового
донора
.
11.
У
Вас
есть
пристрастие
к
наркотикам
,
спиртным
напиткам
?