Материал: Сферы общения. учебно-методическое пособие по развитию навыков устной речи и межкультурной коммуникации. Лукина Л.В

4.1. Our country (russia)

The world is a book and those who do not travel only read a page.

Augustine, 354-430, scholar

ЗАДАНИЕ 1. Прочитайте интернациональные слова и определите их значения.

federation, area, million, kilometres, ocean, climate, steppe, minerals, natural gas, nationality, President, agriculture, pilot, metals, materials, concentrate, industrial, metallurgical, port

ЗАДАНИЕ 2. Догадайтесь о значении географических названий, дайте их русские эквиваленты; обратите внимание, что название океанов, морей, рек, озер употребляются с определенным артиклем “ the”:

the Pacific Ocean, the Arctic Ocean, the Volga, the Black Sea, the Baikal, the Russian Federation, the Far East, the Ukraine; the Kuzbas, the Central Chernozem zone, the Krasnodar Region;

Russia, Europe, Asia, Moscow, Siberia, Ural, Moscow, St. Petersburg

ЗАДАНИЕ 3. Прочитайте следующие числительные с существительными. Переведите их на русский язык.

17 million square kilometres, 140 million people, 1/7 (one-seventh) of the Earth surface, 12 seas

ЗАДАНИЕ 4. Используя образец и выражения, данные справа (за чертой), скажите, какую площадь занимают различные страны мира, но сначала повторите необходимые фразы:

Образец: Russia is a very large country (как вы думаете, какую территорию она занимает?) with an area of 17 million square kilometres.

ЗАДАНИЕ 5. Используя образец и слова, данные ниже, побеседуйте о численности населения в различных странах мира.

Образец: What is the population of Russia? – 140 million people

The population of Russia is 140 million people.

1. Great Britain, 57 million people;

2. The USA, 216 million people;

3. Georgia, 5 million people;

4. The Ukraine, 51 million people;

5. The Russian Federation, 140 million people.

ЗАДАНИЕ 6. Используя образец и слова, данные ниже, побеседуйте о том, с какими странами граничит Россия, но сначала повторите:

to border on – граничить

Russia borders on many countries.

Образец: What countries does the Russian Federation border on in the North? -

(Norway) In the North the Russian Federation borders on Norway.

1. In the North West - Finland;

2. In the West - the Baltics, the Ukraine, Belarus;

3. In the South-West - Georgia;

4. In the South - Mongolia;

5. In the East - Japan.

ЗАДАНИЕ 7. а) Познакомьтесь со словами и словосочетаниями, которые помогут вам понять 1 часть текста:

1) native – родной

Our native country is Russia.

2) surface - поверхность

Russia occupies about 1/7 of the Earth surface.

3) to be known for – известен чем-то

4) scenery – пейзаж

5) picturesque – живописный

Russia is known for its picturesque scenery.

6) multinational – многонациональный

The Russian Federation is a multinational state.

7) the seat – местонахождение

Moscow is the capital of Russia and the seat of the Government.

8) discovery – открытие

Our scientists made many discoveries.

9) artificial satellite – искусственный спутник

10) to launch – запускать

The first artificial satellite was launched in 1957 in our country.

11) a spaceship – космический корабль

The spaceship piloted by Yuri Gagarin was launched on April 12, 1961.

12) deposit – местонахождение, залежи

The biggest deposits of rare metals are concentrated in Siberia.

б) Прочитайте названия природных ресурсов, которыми богата наша страна:

1) to be very rich in – быть богатым чем-либо

Our country is very rich in minerals.

2) coal – уголь

3) oil – нефть

4) iron ore – железная руда

5) oil – нефть

6) furs – пушнина

7) medicinal herbs – лекарственные травы

Russia is very rich in coal, oil, iron ore, furs and medicinal herbs.

ЗАДАНИЕ 8. Прочитайте 1 часть текста к теме «Наша страна».

Our country

The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about 1/7 of the Earth surface. The country is situated in Eastern Europe, Northern and Central Asia. Its total area is of over 17 million square kilometres.

Russia is washed by 12 seas of three oceans: the Pacific, the Atlantic and the Arctic. In the south and in the west the country borders on fourteen countries. It also has a sea-border with the USA.

There are no countries in the world where such a great variety of nature can be found as in our land. The Russia Federation is known for its various climate and wonderful scenery – picturesque river banks and lakes, warm seas, numerous forests, steppes, highlands and deserts. The highest mountains in our country are the Altai, the Caucasus, the Urals, separating Europe from Asia. There are over two thousand rivers in the Russian Federation. The longest rivers are the Volga in Europe and the Lena in Asia. The Baikal is the deepest lake in the world.

Our country is one of the richest in natural resources countries in the world: oil, natural gas, coal, iron ore, gold, diamonds and other minerals, and also furs, valuable woods and medicinal herbs.

Russia has the largest oil and gas resources, the biggest deposits of rare and precious metals, building materials, concentrated in Siberia and Far East. The Kuzbas coal-field is one of the leading coal-mining areas.

The Russian Federation is a multinational state and many different peoples and nationalities live there. Its population is about 140 million people.

Moscow, the capital of Russia and the seat of the Government, is the largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial centre of the country and one of the most beautiful cities.

Our scientists have made many splendid discoveries. The first artificial Earth satellite in the history was launched in our country in 1957. The first manned spaceship “Vostok” piloted by Yuri Gagarin was launched on April 12, 1961. It opened a new era in the history of mankind.

ЗАДАНИЕ 9. Пользуясь текстом, подберите английские эквиваленты следующим словосочетаниям.

ЗАДАНИЕ 10. Дополните информацию, данную в левой части, информацией из правой части.

ЗАДАНИЕ 11. Используя образец и данные слова, скажите, что производят в России, (обратите внимание на залог глагола), но сначала повторите:

to produce – производить

Образец: а)

Россия производит многое.

b)

Многое производится в России.

TV sets are produced in Russia.

Russia produces excavators.

1. Our country; heavy mechanical presses или

Heavy mechanical presses; in Russia.

2. Russia; agricultural machinery или

Agricultural machinery; Russia.

3. Russia; weapons или

Weapons; Russia.

ЗАДАНИЕ 12. Подтвердите словами из текста, что:

1. Наша Родина – очень большая страна.

(Our native country is a very large country with an area of over 17 million square kilometres).

2. Россия омывается тремя океанами.

(Russia is washed by the Pacific, the Atlantic and the Arctic Oceans).

3. Наша Родина знаменита своими пейзажами.

(Our Country is known for its wonderful scenery – numerous forests and lakes, picturesque river banks, steppes, high mountains and warm seas).

4. Наша страна очень богата природными ресурсами.

(Our country is very rich in minerals, furs, valuable woods, medicinal herbs).

5. The Russian Federation is a multinational state.

(Many different peoples and nationalities live there.)

6. Наши ученые сделали много замечательных открытий.

(Our scientists have made many splendid discoveries. The first artificial satellite was launched in our country).

ЗАДАНИЕ 13. Выбрав правильный вариант, закончите следующие предложения:

1. Russia is a very large country with an area of … a) 17 million square kilometres; b) 204 thousand square kilometres. 2. It is washed by … a) 4; b) 3 oceans. 3. Its population is … a) 280; b) 140 million people. 4. … a) Moscow; b) St. Petersburg is the seat of the Government.

ЗАДАНИЕ 14. А теперь продолжаем учиться общаться.

4.2.