Материал: 3569

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УДК

Методические указания для самостоятельной работы обучающихся по направлению подготовки 35.03.01 / Л.А. Литвинова; М-во образования и науки РФ, ФГБОУ ВО «ВГЛТУ». – Воронеж, 2017. – 23 с.

Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета ВГЛТУ

Рецензент: профессор, доктор филологических наук, директор Центра коммуникативных исследований ВГУ И.А. Стернин

Настоящие методические указания представляют собой современный подход к обучению бакалавров в системе высшего образования. Необходимость в появлении таких методических указаний диктуется современным подходом для работы студентов на практических занятиях: в них кратко и информативно представлен алгоритм освоения учебного материала по модулям, позволяющий повысить качество самообразования и стимулировать интерес пользователя к дисциплине «Английский язык». Данные методические указания могут служить руководством для студентов 1 курса по направлению подготовки «Лесное дело».

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Text 1.

FORESTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

(part 1)

Wood is unique among the world’s important raw materials. Most people on the Earth live in wooden houses, sit on wooden chairs, eat on wooden tables, and up to the pesent day, many people are warmed by wood-stocked fires.

The wood-posessing countries of the world are, perhaps, most wealthy, because, under the conditions of wise management, wood is universal, abundant and essentially inexehaustible source of national welfare. There are something like eight billion acres of timber covering the earth as a whole. Among timber-producing countries Russia is one of the greatest. It posseses enormous forest resources amounting to approximately 2,670 million cubic feet, equal to 35 per cent of the total world reserves.

The principal commercial softwoods include larch, pine, spruce; birch, aspen, oak, beech, hornbeam and ash form the bulk of hardwood supply.

The main softwood reserves are concentrated in the Urals, Siberia, Far East, in the Northern European regions of Arkhangelsk and Vologda and in the Komi and Karelian republics. They can meet the demand for many a year.

The geographical distribution of our forests is, perhaps, not very favourable, as the substantial proportion of the wood-stock is concentrated in the Asian part of Russia while the predominant part of the population and industrial enterprises are located in the European part of our country. With further development of industry, however, and the relocation of mills to the eastern parts of Siberia will consume wood resources, and there will be much less necessity to transport timber for long distances.

The country produces 35 million cubic metres of sawn-goods annually and is one of the leading producers and exporters of timber.

Mind the vocabulary:

Hornbeam - граб

cubic feet – кубические футы

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mills = enterprises – (лесоперерабатывающие) предприятия

softwoods/ hardwood – мягкодревесные/твердодревесные породы

Tasks:

1.Mind the black words in the text, consult a dictionary to translate/pronounce them correctly.

2.Now read the text and translate it. Translate passages 1, 3 in the written

form.

3.Divide the black words into 3 groups – nouns (group 1) – verb (group 2) –

adjective (group 3).

4. Make 4 word combinations with the black words from the text.

5.What are the answers to these questions: What is the text about?

What does passage 1 speak about?

How will you define the key idea of passage 2?

Does the last passage give the same information as the last but one passage?

6.Find the key idea of every passage, put them in order to make the plan of the text.

7.Make the summary of the text paying attention to these standard phrases:

The text is about/the text speaks about …

First, we can read/learn about …

The next part/passage describes …

The last part/passage informs us about …

Text 2.

FORESTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Russia is very rich in forests. They are concentrated in the Far East, Siberia and in Northern European part of our country. Birch, oak, beech form hardwood

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species; pine, spruce, larch form softwood species. The main timber enterprises are located in the Asian part of Russia while the main industrial enterprises of wood takes place in the european part because the largest part of population and industrial mills are situated here.

The Russian forests are divided into three groups: group 1 consisting of various forest reserves such as shelter belts. This group occupies 67, 211 acres and contains 5,5 per cent of the total standing timber in the country;

group 2 represents watershed protection forests, mainly, in the central and western parts of European Russia, on area approximately 211,000,000 acres, and contains about 5 per cent of the total timber volume. The forests of these two groups can be only slightly for sanitary purposes;

group 3 represents the forest areas open for economic exploitation and is situated principally in the North of European Russia, in Siberia and Far East. These forests cover about 2, 224, 000,000 acres an contain approximately 21, 009, 000, 000 cords or 89, 5 per cent of all timber.

All forms of cuttings, including large-scale cutting are allowed under the necessary condition that the cut-over areas must be restocked, either naturally or artificially within a short specified period.

The average wood volume per acre in about 15,8 cords.

Mind the vocabulary:

Softwoods/ hardwood –мягкодревесные/твердодревесные породы

mills = enterprises –(лесоперерабатывающие) предприятия

cords – корд (мера дров = 128 кубических футов = 3,63 куб.м)

acre – английская единица измерения площади – акр (0,4 га)

Tasks:

1.Mind the black words in the text, consult a dictionary to translate/pronounce them correctly.

2.Now read the text and translate it. Translate passages 1, 3 in the written

form.