Материал: Unit 3

  VOCABULARY SUPPORT

salary (B1) – the money you receive regularly for work stuff (B1) – things

c 1.51 Ask students if they can complete these questions the interviewer asked:

Can I ask what you have got in your ...? (bags) What have you just ...? (bought) Have you bought anything ... today?

(nice) Are you ... up for anything at the moment? (saving)

Play the recording again for students to find the answers to the questions for each interviewee. Pause after each speaker to allow students time to note down their answers. Share answers as a class.

Answers

Speaker 1 – 1 a car 2 generally doesn’t like it

Speaker 2 – 1 nothing specific / He’s always saving. 2 He doesn’t think it’s a good idea.

Speaker 3 – 1 nothing 2 She uses her credit card but doesn’t think that’s really borrowing.

  LANGUAGE NOTES

We borrow something from someone, but someone lends something to us or lends us something, e.g. I borrowed £10 from my mum to buy a DVD. My mum lent me £10 to buy a DVD. I lent £10 to a friend.

  EXTRA ACTIVITY

Ask students to imagine that they are shopping in a large supermarket. They should imagine three things that they have in their shopping bag and write the items down. Then, in pairs, they guess what their partner has in his/her bag. To find out the exact items, students can ask yes/no questions, e.g. Is it food? Is it expensive? Do people eat it every day?

d Read through the statements with the class and then ask students to discuss their responses to them in pairs. Monitor and help as necessary. Take feedback from the class, encouraging students to justify their opinions. Find out how many students agree or disagree with the statements, and why.

4 GRAMMAR 

Present perfect with just, already and yet

aStudents read the sentences and supply the past participles. Elicit that they are all irregular. Ask students if they can remember which speaker in the listening said each sentence. (They will hear this in b when they listen and check.)

Answers

1I’ve just bought my food for the week.

2I’ve already spend my salary this month.

3I haven’t paid it back yet.

b 1.52 Students listen to check their answers. Elicit that the tenses are all present perfect.

cAsk students to look back at the sentences in 4a and complete the rules for the use of just, already and yet. Check answers as a class and ask questions to check students’ understanding.

Answers already; just; yet

LOA TIP CONCEPT CHECKING

Write the sentences on the board:

1I’ve just bought my food for the week.

2I’ve already spent my salary this month.

3I haven’t paid it back yet.

Ask concept questions to check understanding of the time sequences and whether the actions are completed or not.

Sentence 1:

aDo I now have the food? (yes)

bDid I buy the food a long time ago? (no)

(The use of just tells us that this action was only completed very recently.)

c Do you know exactly when I bought it? (no)

(We only know that the action was completed recently.) Sentence 2

aDo I have the money now? (no)

bDo you know when I spent it? (no)

(The use of already indicates that the action happened before the time of speaking.)

Sentence 3

aDo I have the money / the time to pay it back? (no)

bAm I planning to pay it back? (yes)

cDo you know when I’m going to pay it back? (no)

(The use of yet implies that the action hasn’t happened so far, but is going to happen.)

d Students read the information in Grammar Focus 3B on SB p.146. Play the recording where indicated and ask students to listen and repeat. Students then complete the exercises on SB p.147. If students have problems with the irregular past participles, refer them to the list of irregular verbs on SB p.176. Check answers as a class.

Answers (Grammar Focus 3B SB p.147)

a 1  g  2  f  3  a  4  c  5  e  6  b  7  h  8  d

b1  Have they paid us yet?

2  I’ve already spent all my money.  3  Our visitors have just arrived.

4  I haven’t been to the shops yet. 5  It has just started raining.

6  Has he saved any money yet?

cHe hasn’t done the shopping yet. 2  He hasn’t paid Mark back yet.

3  He has already bought paper for the printer.  4  He has already checked his emails.

5  He hasn’t asked Dad for any money yet. 6  He has already written to Daniel. 

7  He has already finished writing his project. 8  He hasn’t cleaned the flat yet.

9  He hasn’t taken out the rubbish yet. 10  He has already had a haircut.

  CAREFUL!

•Students sometimes put just and already before the auxiliary, e.g. I just have read it. (Correct form = I have just read it.) They may also add additional time phrases, such as yesterday or a few minutes ago, e.g. I have already done it yesterday. (Correct form = I have already done it. I did it yesterday.) If they have no equivalent in their first

language, students are likely to replace the present perfect with either the simple present or the simple past. Keep reinforcing the idea that the present perfect is used to link things that may have started in the past with now.

•Yet is often used in negative sentences, and not already, e.g. I haven’t already received your letter.(Correct form = I haven’t received your letter yet.)

e 1.54 Pronunciation Write this sentence on the board:

Yesterday was the first of July. Ask students to repeat it.

If necessary, correct the pronunciation of the initial y

= /j/ and j = /ʤ/. Then play the recording for students to listen and repeat the words. In pairs, ask students to think of two more words that begin with /j/ and /ʤ/.

Ask for the words and write them on the board, e.g. yellow, yes, year, yoghurt; joke, June, jump. Students repeat these for practice.

Answers

1I’ve just spent a lot of money on a new pair of glasses.

2I bought a new mobile last month, but I’ve already lost it.

3I need some winter clothes, but I haven’t had time to go shopping yet.

4I’ve already bought a card for Mother’s Day.

5I bought some amazing shoes last year, but I haven’t worn them yet.

6I’ve just seen a special offer on a holiday online, but I haven’t decided to buy it yet.

gAsk students to change four of the sentences so that they are true for them. Give them an example of your own, e.g.

I’ve just spent a lot of money on a new laptop. Emphasise that just is not only used for a few moments ago, but can also mean recently, e.g. I’ve just bought a new car. Elicit that this could be yesterday or last week because for buying something like a new car, a week is quite recent.

hStudents compare their new sentences in pairs. Ask them to add some information as in the example. Students share their ideas with the class.

  EXTRA ACTIVITY

Ask students to write down five things that members of their family have just done. Three things should be true and two should be false. Their partner has to guess which are true and which are false.

5 SPEAKING

Read through the discussion questions with the class and check understanding. If necessary, remind students

of the meanings of amount, afford, discount, market, owe. Students discuss the questions in small groups. Circulate and encourage discussion by contributing an opinion or prompting. Note down any repeated errors. Ask students to share any interesting opinions and comments with the class.

  EXTRA ACTIVITY

Ask students to note down everything that they have bought in the last 24 hours. They compare their list with a partner. The pairs work as a team. Go round the class and ask each pair in turn to say one item on their list. The next pair must give the name of a different item. A pair that cannot give a different item drops out and the winner is the last pair to give an item. This activity could also be done for bought in the last two days or last week.

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL

Workbook 3B

Photocopiable activities: Grammar p.209, Vocabulary p.233,

Pronunciation p.269

UNIT 3  Money  53

OPTIONAL LEAD-IN

Books closed. Put students in small groups. Give them two minutes to note down different places where we can buy things, e.g. supermarket, shopping centre, department

store, online, market, gift shop, sports shop, chemist, vending machine. Monitor and support students with vocabulary. The winning group is the one with the most ideas. Ask them to read their ideas to the class. Put any new words on the board.

1 LISTENING

aLook at the photo. Say: Mark and Rachel are shopping. Where do you think they are? Elicit: a shopping centre. Read the questions and the examples. Students discuss the questions and give reasons for their comments.

bAsk students to summarise what has happened in the video story so far. Students look at the picture and guess what Rachel and Mark are shopping for.

c 1.56 Play Part 1 of the video or play the audio recording for students to check their ideas.

Answers

a birthday present for Leo

d Ask students what the last present was that they bought someone and the last present that they received. Then they work in pairs and answer the questions about the pictures of products. Students share their ideas with the class.

Answers

One is a game, you play football with it by putting your fingers into the boots and kicking a ball. Two is a clock that you can use to see what the weather is like as well as to tell the time. Three is a clock which you use for telling the time; it is shaped like a football. Four is a piggy bank shaped like a book and you use it to keep money in.

e 1.57 Tell students that they are going to listen to or watch Part 2 from the video story. They should listen for general understanding, and to fi nd out which product they bought and not worry if they don’t understand the details. Check the answer as a class.

Answer

the football clock

if they can remember the answers. Play the recording again for them to fi nd or check their answers. Elicit further details of the products, e.g. you put the football boots on your fi ngers. You may need to play the recording again for students to hear these details.

Answers

1Because Leo loves football.

2She isn’t sure Leo loves football.

3It’s expensive.

4Mark thinks they should get Leo something sporty.

g In pairs, students discuss the question. Conduct feedback and ask for their ideas. Ask: Which present would you have got Leo? Why?

2 USEFUL LANGUAGE 

Talking to people in shops

a 1.58 Ask students in groups of three to imagine that they are in the shop. One student is the shop assistant and the other students are Mark and Rachel. They role play the conversation from memory. Monitor and help but don’t interrupt fluency to correct students. The focus here should be on re-creating the situation and not on complete accuracy and the aim is to activate existing knowledge and memory. Then ask students to complete 2a and 2b individually and compare their answers with a partner. Play the recording to check their answers.

Answers

b Ask the questions as a class

Answers

11, 3, 4

22

36, 7

45

58

3 PRONUNCIATION Sentence stress

a 1.59 Books closed. Write sentences 1 and 2 on the board with no stress indicators. Remind students how important sentence stress is by saying that English is a stress-timed language and the words that carry the most important information or emphasis in a sentence are stressed more heavily than the other words, which gives the English language its distinctive rhythm. Ask students to copy the sentences and say them aloud, marking the words they think are stressed in each one. Then play the recording. Students open their books and listen. They study the marked stressed pattern in the book

and compare it with what they hear. Point out that the underlining represents the stressed words/syllables.

b 1.59 Play the recording again for students to answer the questions. Alternatively, ask the questions first and then play the recording to check answers. Tell students that we say the syllables between stressed words quickly and that the vowel sounds are often ‘weak’ (the full vowel is not pronounced, but is replaced by another sound), e.g. for /fə/. Ask students to repeat the sentences to practise.

Answers

1sentence 1 four; sentence 2 seven

2three

3quickly

LOA TIP DRILLING

•Drill the phrases by asking students to repeat them after your model. Use a transformation drill to give variety and make the repetition more interesting, e.g. This looks perfect/wonderful/fantastic/horrible. We’re only here for Leo/Katy/Marcia.

•Encourage students to emphasise the word stress in order to ‘feel’ the rhythm of the sentences.

c 1.60 Tell students that they need to complete the sentences with the unstressed words. Remind them that the vowel sounds will often have been replaced by the weak /ə/ sound. Students listen to complete the

sentences. Check answers as a class. Model the sentences again for students to repeat.

Answers and audioscript

1I’d like to look at a different one.

2Can you show me the first one again?

3I’m looking for a present for my brother.

4Do you have this in a different size?

5It’ll cost a lot of money to fix.

4 USEFUL LANGUAGE Paying at the till

a 1.61 Ask students what till means (a place or machine in a shop where you pay). Elicit ideas about what Mark and the shop assistant say when he buys the clock at the till. If students don’t mention a credit card, ask: Mark wants to use a credit card. What do they say then? Play the recording for the students to answer the question regarding what Mark changes his mind about. Check the answers and ask students to compare the conversation at the till with their version. Do Mark and the shop assistant use the same phrases?

Answer how to pay

  VOCABULARY SUPPORT

PIN (B1) – number you need when you pay by card (Personal Identification Number)

b 1.61 Play the recording for students to complete the questions. Play the recording again for students to check their answers.

5 CONVERSATION SKILLS 

Changing your mind

aRead through the sentences with the class and ask if the underlined phrases mean the same or different things.

Ask students to tell you about the last time they changed their minds about something. Give an example of your own, e.g. This morning my daughter said at breakfast, ‘I’d like some orange juice.’ Then she changed her mind and said, ‘On second thoughts, I’d prefer some milk.’ Now ask them to tell you their experiences, but this time using one of the phrases above.

Answer

The same – both are used when we want to change our mind.

b Elicit that the response to someone changing their mind is usually OK or Fine. In pairs, students take turns to change their minds in the different situations. Encourage them to add a reason, too, where appropriate, e.g. I’d prefer a cup of tea because I’ve already had five coffees this morning!

  FAST FINISHERS

Fast finishers can think of more situations when we sometimes change our mind. During feedback, they can ask other students what they would say in those situations.

6 SPEAKING

Tell students that they are going to role play buying a present for a friend in a shop. Divide the class into

groups of three and assign A, B and C roles. Students A and B are buying the present and read the instructions on SB p.130. Student C is the shop assistant and reads the instructions on SB p.127. Students then role play the conversation. Monitor and help where necessary but don’t interrupt fluency to make corrections. Students then swap roles and role play the conversation again.

  VOCABULARY SUPPORT

atmosphere (B1) – feeling in a room

candle (B1) – something we burn to give light pine (B2) – tall tree that gives a special smell rack (B1) – small shelf

ringtone – sound of a phone scented – with a special smell

slippers – shoes we wear in the house

spice (B1) – something we add to give flavour to food stylish (B1) – fashionable and attractive

vanilla – a flavour used in ice cream and cakes

  FAST FINISHERS

Fast finishers should think of some additional fun products to buy for a present and write short descriptions of them. During feedback, ask which items students chose, and why. Also ask for examples of the language they used and deal with any common mistakes.

  EXTRA ACTIVITY

Have a short class discussion about the pros and cons of shopping online. Ask: How many of you regularly shop online? What kinds of things do you buy? Is it better to shop online or in a store? Why? What are your favourite shopping websites? Why do you like them?

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL

Workbook 3C

Photocopiable activities: p.270

Unit Progress Test

Personalised online practice