Материал: Том 2 № 3
Цифровоеправо.Том2, №3, 2021, с.71–77
В.С.Осипов,А.В.Минбалеев/Технологическиеукладыиправоваямысль:дуалистическая
through the widespread use of automated and robotic production lines — that is, by minimizing the useoflivinglaborintheproductionprocess.
The third technological order is characterized by discoveries in the field of inorganic chemistry, the development of ferrous metallurgy, shipbuilding and wider railway construction, and a significantincreaseinthenumberofpatentsforinventions.Thisperiodroughlycoincidedwiththeendof WorldWarII.
Therewasatendencyinjurisprudencetocondemntotalitarianism(G.Radbruch),withtherevival of natural law (J. Messner, A. Auer, E. Wolf, F. Horst, H. Rommen, etc.). In many ways, the appeal to natural law ideas was the result of the condemnation of Nazi, fascist ideas about law and the state
(G.Gentile,U.Spirito,W.Frick,A.Rosenberg,J.Binder,etc.).
The development of natural-legal ideas in jurisprudence was also facilitated by the famous work of H. Kelsen “The Pure Theory of Law”. It should be noted that Kelsen clearly understood the difference between what is and what should be: “The identification of the form of the state with the constitution exactly corresponds to the prejudice, according to which all right is contained in the law”
(Kelsen, 1960). Despite Kelsen’s clearly positivist views, his idea of differences in the formulation of theruleoflawanditsimplementationdeserveseverysupport.
It is important to note that the classical theory of law has finally taken shape and coincided in timewiththeimplementationofthefourthtechnologicalorder.Thisischaracterizedbythecreation and active use of internal combustion engines, computers, conveyor production, etc. The sectors of the automotive industry, electronics, astronautics, and nuclear energy are rightly considered to be the core of the fourth technological order. The conveyor type of production is characterized by the monotony and repeatability of operations, their precise regulation, their automation, and control of execution; thus, attention is paid to the structure of the rule of law, as well as the identification of the right and the rule of law. The technocratic approach to law resulted, among other things, in the inertness of the rules of law, their some detachment from the practice of implementation. The conveyor system of H. Ford was built in such a way that all stages of the production process were divided into basic operations that could be quickly trained to an employee and which could be quicklycarriedoutintheproductionprocess.Regulation,relativesimplicity,andthemonotonyand repeatability of operations dramatically increased labor productivity in the framework of conveyor production.Thisideahasbeenborrowedfromsomanyactivities,suchasinthefieldoffastfood.It was widely implemented in the most unexpected places: for example, it gave impetus to the deve lopmentofergonomicsforthepurposesoflaborproductivity.
This was reflected in the development of law. The accuracy of the wording, the severity of the consistency,thestructurednessandformoftheruleoflaw,andtheforminthebroadestphilosophi cal understanding turned out to be, to some extent, more important than the content. For example, H.L.A.Hart (1961),whodescribedlawascoerciveorders,explorestheproblemsofformalisminlaw.
The prevalence of form over content is a consequence of the transformations of the times of the fourth technological order and, at the same time, a “wicked problem” of modernity. Achievements in the field of cybernetics, statistical science, and mathematics had a significant impact on the law. Scientists proposed making more active use of these achievements, especially in criminal law and forensicscience.
Thefifthtechnologicalorder,inasense,continuestheachievementsofthepreviousorderandis characterized by the rapid development of microelectronics, biotechnology, new types of communication (Internet, fiber-optic technology, cellular communication), and information technologies. Its difference from the fourth is reduced to the transition from serial and mass production, according to
РЕЦЕНЗИЯНАКНИГУ |
|
75 |
|
||
|
|
|
Digital Law Journal.Vol.2, No.3, 2021,p.71–77
V.S.Osipov,A.V.Minbaleev /TechnologicalOrdersandLegalThought:ADualisticParadigm
the conveyor production model, to mass individualized production, increasing the flexibility of productiontotakeintoaccounttheindividualneedsoftheconsumer.Itbecameclearthattheneedsof consumersdifferfromeachotherandarenotreducibletoa“commondenominator”.Inlegalscience, this resulted in taking into account the individuality of the behavior of a citizen, including the characteristics or the motives of their behavior and participation in public legal relations. Although the ruleoflawwasstillidentifiedwiththelegislation,practicehasalreadyconsideredthedifferencesin theimplementationoftheruleoflawbydifferentcitizens.
The sixth technological order, and behavioral aspects of the activities of individuals and legal entities, made it possible to return to the idea that the rule of law is broader than the legislative norm, sinceitprovidesfortheactualimplementationoftheruleinpractice.
Naturally, the authors paid great attention to the current sixth technological order with its nanotechnology,digitalization,andtheInternetofThings.Inouropinion,lawasasciencehaspredictive tools,anditwouldbeinterestingtoknowtheauthors’opiniononthelegalbasisandconsequences of the transition to the upcoming seventh technological order of metacognitive technologies. In addition,wewouldliketoinvitetheauthorstoconsiderthemutualinfluenceoflegalandeconomicsciencesalongwithsociological,politicalscience,andpsychologicalbranchesofknowledgefora more completedisclosureoftheparadigmoftechnologicalorders.
Theseremarkssetthetrajectoryofthefurtherresearchprograminthedirectionofexpandingthe boundaries of interdisciplinarity on the basis of a continuously developing theoretical core, the commonality of fundamental ideas, and the principles of understanding past and modern legal events laiddowninthemonograph.Thisdoesnotdiminishtheoverallpositiveworkexperience.
Themonographmakesasignificantcontributiontothegrowthofscientificknowledgeasaninterdisciplinaryeconomicandlegalresearchaimedatthedevelopmentoffundamentalscience.
Wewouldliketowishtheauthorscreativeinspirationtocontinueresearchinagiventhematicdirection and the subsequent development of the fundamental innovative ideas outlined in the monographunderreview.
References
1. Duguit, L. (1907). Manuel de droit constitutionnel: Théorie générale de l’état-organisation politique. Albert
FontemoingEditeur.
2. Geny,F.(1919).Mé́thoded’interpré́tationetsourcesendroitprivé́positif.L.G.D.J. 3. Hart,H.L.A.(1961).TheConceptofLaw.OxfordUniversityPress.
4. Hauriou,M.(1910).PrincipesdeDroitPublic.RecueilSireu.
5. Hume, D. (1998). An Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals (T. L. Beauchamp, Ed.). Oxford University Press.(Originalworkpublished1751)
6. Kelsen,H.(1960).PureTheoryofLaw.Berkley.
7. Khabrieva,T.Ya.(2010).Economicandlegalanalysis:amethodologicalapproach.JournalofRussianLaw,12, 5–26.
8. Moreau, F. (1902). Reglementadministratif:Étudethé́oriqueetpratiquededroitpublicfrançais. Albert FontemoingEditeur.
9. Pound,R.(1908).MechanicalJurisprudence.ColumbiaLawReview.8(8),pp.605–623.
10. Smith, A. (1998). An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations (K. Sutherland, Ed.). Oxford UniversityPress.(Originalworkpublished1776)
76 |
|
BOOK REVIEW |
|
||
|
|
|
Цифровоеправо.Том2, №3, 2021, с.71–77
В.С.Осипов,А.В.Минбалеев/Технологическиеукладыиправоваямысль:дуалистическая
Informationabouttheauthors:
VladimirS.Osipov*— Dr. Sci. in Economics, Ph.D. in Economics, Associate Professor, Asset Management Depart- ment,MoscowStateInstituteofInternationalRelations(MGIMO-University),Moscow,Russia. vs.ossipov@inno.mgimo.ru
ORCID 0000-0003-3109-4786
Aleksey V. Minbaleev — Dr. Sc. in Law, Head of the Department of Information Law and Digital Technologies, KutafinMoscowStateLawUniversity(MSAL),Moscow,Russia
Lab.kpit@msal.ru
ORCID 0000-0001-5995-1802
Сведенияобавторах:
ОсиповВ.С.* — доктор экономических наук, Ph.D., доцент, профессор кафедры управления активамиМосковского государственного институтам еждународных отношений (МГИМО-Университет) МИД России, Москва,Россия.
vs.ossipov@inno.mgimo.ru
ORCID 0000-0003-3109-4786
Минбалеев А. В. — доктор юридических наук, заведующий кафедрой информационного права и цифровыхтехнологийМосковского государственного юридического университета им. О. Е. Кутафина (МГЮА), Москва,Россия.
Lab.kpit@msal.ru
ORCID 0000-0001-5995-1802
РЕЦЕНЗИЯНАКНИГУ |
|
77 |
|
||
|
|
|
Digital Law Journal.Vol.2, No.3, 2021
78 |
|
FORNOTES |
|
||
|
|
|
