Ключевые слова: якутские песни, локальная традиция, стиль, полевые записи, архивные материалы, жанры якутских народных песен, дэгэрэн ырыа, тпойук.
Annotation
Yakut song tradition of Megino-Kangalassky district
The article studies the song traditions of the Megino-Kangalassky Ulus of Yakutia. Music interpretations of folk songs of this local tradition began to be published from the end of the 30s. XX century. When N. I. Peiko and I. A. Steinman conducted an expedition in this ulus. 12 tunes are presented in S. A. Kondratieff (1963) and 2 in the collection Sakha Narodnay Yryalara (1975). According to published collections and articles during the Soviet period we can see that various genres of traditional Yakut songs prevailed in the Megino-Kangalassky district. In addition to the djierethy yrya and degeren yrya there were satirical songs, and endangered genres hongsuo yrya and enelgen yrya etc. the authors of the fourvolume collection “Sakha Narodny Yryialara” (“Yakut folk songs”) revealed modern songs, dyeretii yry and degeren yrya. We also propose to supplement ethnomusicological terms with the genres of otchyt yryata (song of a mower), tuoyuyu yryata (chanting of the beloved), sykter kyys yryata (song of the girl who marries), kyryys yryata (song-curse) based on this fourvolume collection. According to the local historian Innocent M. Sosin, the folklore traditions of the Megino-Kangalassky ulus were located along the rivers and on the large alaas. The article also analyzes the Yakut folk songs by the poems of P. A. Ojunsky. This songs performed I. N. Kolosov. All analyzations songs based on the one melody and on the rhythm of the yacut circular dance ohuokhay.
Keywords: Yakut songs, local tradition, style, field recordings, archival materials, genres of Yakut folk songs, degeren yrya, toyuk.