IX. Work in pairs. Say the same in English.

Научное открытие. Пластичные свойства.

Формоваться. Искусственная смола.

Структура полимеров. Термореактивный.

Термопластичный. Цветовая гамма.

Облицовка стен. Многослойный материал.

Суровые погодные условия. Деформация.

X. Work in pairs. Make up sentences from the following words. Translate them into Russian:

1. important, are, decorative, plastics, materials?

2. industry, perhaps, plastics, 1870, dates, from.

3. chemicals, plastics, scientists, from, developed.

4. unique, offer, for, plastics, combination, valuable, of, properties, construction.

5. glass fibre, be, nylon, plastics, reinforced, and, can, by.

6. some, they, in, metal, cases, glass, and, replace.

7. application, construction, wide, have, in, plastics.

8. easily, hot, with, is, covering, and, wall, water, soapy, cleaned, simply, a cloth.

XI. Work in pairs. Translate the sentences into English in writing.

1. Пластики обладают уникальным сочетанием свойств, ценных для строительства.

2. Производство пластмассы не зависит от природных сырьевых материалов.

3. Пластики пригодны для серийного производства.

4. Некоторые пластики прозрачны, легко склеиваются, прессуются и штампуются.

5. Такие материалы имеют преимущества над природными материалами.

6. Термопластик – материал, который при нагревании размягчается и становится тягучим (elastic).

7. Термореактивный пластик при нагревании превращается в твердый, плавкий (fusible) материал.

8. В сочетании с какими материалами используют пластмассу в строительстве?

XII. Choose a topic about plastics in our life, unique combination of properties, advantages or application in future. Act the dialogue with your partner.

Model: - What can you say about plastics?

- For all I know, plastics are used as decorative materials and even as bearing elements in some cases.

XIII. Work in pairs. Ask and answer more questions about Plastics.

1. What is the text about?

2. What are plastics?

3. What properties do plastics retain?

4. What was the earliest form of plastics?

5. What kinds of plastics do you know?

6. What are the basic groups of plastics?

7. Plastics are of great importance today, aren’t they? Why?

8. What makes plastics so attractive for construction?

9. What advantages do plastics offer?

10. Why and where would you like to use plastics in construction?

XIV. Sum up the text Plastics.

Topic My Speciality

I. Learn the new words and word combinations to the topic My Speciality.

Speciality = career = profession – cпециальность, карьера, профессия

Unsatisfied - неудовлетворенный

Practiced activity – практическая деятельность

To take part in – принимать участие в…

A particular sphere – особая сфера деятельности

Demand for – спрос на…

To deal with – заниматься чем-либо

Working facilities - рабочие места

To oversee = supervise - контролировать

Civil engineer – инженер - строитель

Structural engineer - инженер - проектировщик

Consulting civil engineer –инженер-консультант

II. Read and translate the text My Speciality.

The profession of a builder is one of the most necessary, peaceful and noble. Man has always had a natural talent for building from different materials at hand and used them to the best advantage. The need for structures of all kinds was always great and unsatisfied. So civil engineering was one of the oldest practiced activities of civilized man and continues to be still.

Building is a collective activity. So people of different professions take part in construction: skilled and unskilled workers, drivers, bricklayers, plumbers, fitters, roofers, house painters, economists, civil engineers and architects.

Construction is a big business. It is a particular sphere that offers great opportunities for career development. Demand for engineers continues to be strong. Professionals are constantly required in planning, design, construction and restoration activities.

A civil engineer is a person who plans and understands the making of various structures. He also deals with design and construction of them. Civil engineers are problem-solvers. They are the key men to create working facilities and living space for the population using late building materials and techniques. They realize ideas in municipal and federal projects as new housing estates, modern highways,, leisure and educational facilities, industrial buildings, shopping centers and the like.

They oversee the work on site to ensure that it is completed on time and with in budget. Their work also includes public safety.

Structural engineers must calculate the loads and stresses that each element of the structure can withstand. Some can work in drawings and calculations of steel in prestressed concrete or reinforced concrete. They develop structural designs that are economic, safe and sound.

Consulting civil engineers can work in design departments and analyze the stresses in different elements for example beams, columns, floors. Consulting civil engineers also calculate what kind of foundation is required on particular soil conditions and supervise projects from start to completion.

Builders have already constructed the tallest, longest, largest and deepest structures in history. Engineering works have been built for the use and convenience of man. They mark the increasing mastery of man over nature towards a better life. Engineering becomes a very creative profession and global markets today demand creativity.

I enjoy working with other people. I can solve various engineering problems. I’ll design buildings that people would enjoy living in or working. I’ll be a civil engineer I like my future profession.

III. Discuss the following questions with your partner.

1. Comment on the following statement: «Construction is one of the national top priority projects in our country».

2. Characterize the profession of a builder (ancient, modern, responsible, prestigious, interesting, always required).

3. Civil engineering was one of the oldest practiced activities of civilized man.

Does it continue to be still?

4. Why do people of different professions take part in constructions? Name some of these professions.

5. What opportunities does construction offer for young people today?

6. Prove that civil engineers are problem-solvers. What problems do they solve?

7. Characterize the role of builders in municipal and federal projects.

8. Modern society needs different types of structures. Name some of them.

9. What makes a good engineer? (ambition, personal qualities, competence, an old tradition of your family, experience, a sense of humour, team job …).

10. What do civil engineers do?

They plan and understand…; realize bold ideas in…;

deal with…; oversee the work on site…

11. What is the work of structural engineers?

They calculate the loads and stresses…;

can work in drawings…;

develop and analyze…

12. Speak about the work of consulting civil engineers.

They analyze the stresses …; can work in design departments …

consult what kind of foundation …; supervise projects from start to …

13. How do you see your role in society? (by being educated, by doing your job as best as you can, to contribute by doing research that is intended to benefit the construction system).

IV. Choose a topic about construction as a career, builders services in future or demand for civil engineers today. Act the dialogue with your partner.

V. Say the same in English.

1. Профессия строителя – одна из древних, престижных, ответственных и востребованных во все времена.

2. Строительство (Civil Engineering) – практическая деятельность.

3. Сегодня строительство (Construction) – крупный бизнес и особая сфера, которая предлагает огромные возможности для карьерного роста (career development).

4. Спрос на инженеров-строителей растет.

5. Профессионалы постоянно требуются в планировании, проектировании, строительстве и реставрации зданий.

6. Именно строители создают рабочие места и жилье для населения.

7. Они успешно используют современные строительные материалы и технологии.

8. Смелые идеи реализуются в муниципальных и федеральных объектах.

9. Они отражают новую культуру и наш образ жизни.

10. Спрос на услуги строителей будет возрастать.

6. Sum up the topic about Your Speciality. The texts’ review Practise your reading and translating skills.

I. Read and translate the following information about Cement

• In general sense, cement is any material with adhesive properties.

• Cement develops strong binding qualities when combined with water.

• Cement used in construction is characterized as hydraulic (Portland cement) or non-hydraulic (gypsum cement).

• Clinker composition depends on the nature of the raw materials, the proportioning and laboratory control.

• The most important use of cement is the production of mortar and concrete.

• Cement is the key ingredient of concrete and a key ingredient of the world’s infrastructure.

II. Say the following in English.

В тексте говорится о цементе, его хороших вяжущих свойствах, сырьевых материалах, стадиях производства, видах цемента, основных различиях между ними, усадке, как одной из основных характеристик цементов и их широком применении в современном строительстве для приготовления плотных и легких бетонов.

III. Give your opinion.

1. Portland cement is one of the main binding materials in construction world.

Is it true or false?

2. Make a conclusion about the role of cement in construction.

I. Read and translate the following information about Concrete

• Concrete is one of the constructive building materials which led to great innovation, for example, reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete.

• It’s made by mixing aggregates, cement and water.

• The kind of concrete depends on the aggregates used.

• Specialists say that crushed stone provided better cohesion in the mix and gives greater strength to concrete than gravel.

• The strength of any concrete is influenced by the following factors:

the activity of cement; the quality of aggregates;

the water-cement ratio; the hardening conditions.

• Prefabrication offers the customers:

opportunities for good architecture;

reduced energy consumption;

cost effective solutions due to modular design.

II. Say the following in English.

В тексте речь шла о бетоне – конструктивном строительном материале, его составе, стадиях производства, важных свойствах, видах, методах приготовления бетона, факторах влияющих на прочность любого бетона и его широком применении в строительстве: а) в различных сооружениях, например, гидротехнических, б) и как несущие элементы зданий, например, балки , перекрытия, плиты.

III. Give your opinion.

1. Concrete is one of the constructive building materials. Do you agree/disagree with this statement?

2. Make a conclusion about concrete structures.

I. Read and translate the following information about Plastics

• Plastics are the most important materials resulting from scientific discoveries.

• They contain synthetic resin, forming high molecular substances.

• By changing the structure of polymers technologists produce different kinds of plastics.

• Plastics are of great importance for people due to their unique combination of properties, valuable for construction: small unit weight, great mechanical weight, durability, good insulating properties, variety of colours resistance to corrosion and chemicals.

• Today plastics are applied in every branch of building from laying of foundation to the final coat of paint.

• A lot of decorative plastics have brought about a revolution in interior and exterior design.

II. Say the following in English.

Информация о пластиках, незаменимых сегодня материалах, их составе, видах, ценных свойствах и их широчайшем применении в строительстве и в нашей жизни в целом.

III. Give your opinion.

1. Are plastics used only as decorative or building material as well?

2. Make a conclusion about plastics as very effective building materials.

Оглавление

Введение_______________________________________________________3

Lesson 1.

Text Cement____________________________________________________

Topic Studies at the Univercity_____________________________________

Lesson 2.

Text Concrete___________________________________________________

Topic Building materials__________________________________________

Lesson 3.

Text Plastics____________________________________________________

Topic My Speciality______________________________________________

Building Materials and their main characteristics

Методические указания по английскому языку

для студентов-заочников 1-го курса, обучающихся по направлению 270800 “Строительство”

Составитель: ст. преп. Людмила Владимировна Карпова

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