Материал: Russian Journal of Building Construction and Architecture

Conclusions

1.As a result of the study it was found that the density of claydite concrete has an effect on the limits of microcracking.

2.The dependencies for calculating the relative values of loads corresponding with the lower and upper limits of microcracking. The formulas (1), (2) can be applied for concrete of different compression classes as well as concrete of different types.

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3. The effect of the density of claydite concrete on the limits of microcracking is allowed for by the empirical coefficient kc1. The values of the coefficient are identified based on the calculated density of lightweight concrete accepted in accordance with the Eurocode 2.

References

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TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION

DOI 10.25987/VSTU.2018.41.1.007

UDC 624.05 : 004.9

E. A. Kopytina1, N. A. Petrikeeva2, S. G. Tul'skaya3, S. N. Kuznetsov4

APPLICATION OF THE GAME THEORY IN CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY

Voronezh State University

Russia, Voronezht, tel.: +7-952-101-72-96, e-mail: zhemkaterina@yandex.ru 1PhD student of the Dept. of Information Technologies of Managemen Voronezh State Technical University

Russia, Voronezh

2PhD in Engineering, Assoc. Prof. of the Dept. of Heat and Gas Supply and Oil and Gas Business, tel.: (473)271-53-21, e-mail: petrikeeva.nat@yandex.ru

3PhD in Engineering, Assoc. Prof. of the Dept. of Heat and Gas Supply and Oil and Gas Business, tel.: +7-920-228-66-65, e-mail: tcdtnkfyf2014@yandex.ru

4D. Sc. in Engineering, Assoc. Prof., Prof. of the Dept. Of Heat and Gas Supply and Oil and Gas Business, tel.: (473)271-53-21

Statement of the problem. In construction production failure of one type of works can entail that of all other works and loss of a considerable amount of money. Therefore if there is a delay in a construction project, it is necessary to understand what kind of work (a performer) has led to that. The paper is devoted to a new approach to an optimal distribution of penalties in construction activity and application programming based on it. For modeling this situation the game theory is suggested.

Results. The developed module of the application allows one to calculate an optimal distribution of penalties for works which have led to failure of a project and to edit a project graph. The results obtained through the course of the work with the program can be used for further engineering calculations. Conclusions. When using the new approach to an optimal distribution of penalties in construction activity, the application on the basis of the game theory is developed. This application is improved by the interaction between the customer and the contractor that promotes a rational use of the money allocated for the implementation of a construction project.

Keywords: organization of construction, project management, penalty, software, algorithm, macroprogramming language.

Introduction. In modern society as there is an annual population growth and not enough construction objects, reconstruction and replanning are becomingly increasingly common.

© Kopytina Ye. А., Petrikeeva N. А., Тulskaya S. G., Kuznetsov S. N., 2019

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Construction companies and designing enterprises oversee each of these stages. A delay in any of them might cause a delay in the others as well as a great loss of funds. Therefore if there happens to be a delay in a project, it is necessary to understand which component (contractor) contributed to that. For penalty distribution in modeling this scenario, a game theory can be employed.

Most of the research dealing with project management focuses on project delays. So, in [16] delayed project tasks involving taxation are discussed and certain regulations regarding fine distribution are set forth.

The authors [15, 17, 18] in some studies are suggesting some regulations for placing fines in delayed projects, but they contain a range of specific constraints and limitations, which put a certain restriction on how they are applied. These studies offer a theoretical approach to gaming that is present in the analysis of the main distribution problem.

In [1, 20] where delayed projects as well as quick-speed ones are looked at with their analysis on defining project gaming involving the task at hand and a nuclear as a solution specified in a joint distribution of fines.

In [3] random and non-decreasing functions of fines and incentives are discussed. As in [4— 6], this article analyzes delayed project tasks with a linear fine function. Unlike this one, project gaming involving project tasks is determined using taxation tasks. For that “payment capacity” following any delay affecting not only the delay itself but also the overall structure of a project as involving a series of tasks is evaluated.

1. Game theory and finding an optimal fine distribution. In order to improve the communication between the executor and the project manager, contractor and customer, a tool has to be designed that visualizes a construction project, i.e. actual, planned time and penalties imposed in case of delay.

For that an application for designing a graph of construction project works and optimal distribution of penalties among the executors [11].

The application has to be in compliance with the following requirements:

––optimal penalty distribution for delays;

––editing the graph of a construction project.

For implementing this, a so-called game theory including construction and assembly works is applied. The game theory is a section of mathematics where mathematical models of conflict decision-making, i.e. conflicts of interests where each party is seeking to have their say in an ongoing conflict [1, 13, 14].

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