cylinder [ |
] цилиндр |
embrace [ |
] охватывать |
endow [ |
] наделять даром свыше |
inlay [ |
] инкрустировать |
inscribe [ |
] вырезать надпись |
obscure [ |
] неизвестный |
pupil [ |
] зрачок глаза |
schematic [ |
] схематичный |
shallow [ |
] неглубокий |
shrine [ |
] священное место |
simplify [ |
] упрощать |
steward [ |
] наместник правителя |
tablet [ |
] дощечка с надписью |
temple [ |
] храм |
tongue [ |
] язык |
trough [ |
] впадина |
vault [ |
] свод |
wedge [ |
] клин |
ziggurat [ |
] зиккурат |
Abu Temple [ |
] храм Абу |
Babel [ |
] Вавилон |
Baghdad [ |
] Багдад |
Euphrates [ |
] Евфрат |
Mesopotamia [ |
] Междуречье |
Persia [ |
] Персия |
Sumer [ |
] Шумер |
Sumerian [ |
] шумерский |
Tigris [ |
] Тигр |
Ur [ |
] Ур |
II.Make up compound nouns with the help of joining two separate words.
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Translate them. |
|
store house ................................ |
man-made ..................................... |
work shop ................................. |
news paper ................................... |
city state .................................... |
master piece ................................. |
white wash ................................ |
life time ........................................ |
III.Match the words to their opposites.
1. |
Fragment |
a) flatness |
2. |
True |
b) complicate |
3. |
Simplify |
c) natural |
4. |
Found |
d) false |
5. |
Southern |
e) subordinate |
6. |
Roundness |
f) known |
7. |
Man-made |
g) whole |
8. |
Dominant |
h) northern |
9. |
Obscure |
i) ruin |
IV. Fill in the correct word from the list given in the frame. Use each word only once
local ■ fit ■ coloured ■clay ■ schematic ■ chance
vaulted ■ simplified ■ distinctive ■ man-made
1.…………… inlays
2.……………. body
3.……………. residence
4.…………….. form
5.…………….. tablets
6.……………. face
7.…………….. mountain
8.……………… god
9.………………. chamber
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10.………………. fragments
V. Enrich your vocabulary by useful expressions and idioms.
a) Translate into Russian and remember.
1.to found a number of city-states;
2.to develop one’s own form of writing;
3.chance fragments;
4.to bring to light;
5.sculptor’s sense of form;
6.to emphasize by coloured inlays;
7.inscribed clay tablets.
b)Complete the sentences with the expressions given above (in point a).
1.The Sumerian... was based on the cone and cylinder. 2. Mesopotamian civilization ... - cuneiform. 3. The insistent stare of the deities from Abu Temple .... 4. Our knowledge of Sumerian art is based on ... . 5. A great number of ... were ... by excavations.
VII. Fill in the correct preposition; then choose any three and make sentences.
land ... the rivers; to lead the people ... serving the deity; to reflect ... one’s arrangement; to provide a fit residence ... a deity; the statues ... the Abu Temple made
... marble; distinctive form ... writing ... cuneiform.
VII. Match the words to their definitions. Bear in mind that each word has sev-
eral definitions.
tablet ■ form ■ pupil ■ state ■ face
1) organized political community with a government; 2) the dark center of the eye; 3) facade of a building; 4) shape, outward or visible appearance; 5) a number of sheets of paper bound together; 6) a small shaped piece of compressed medicine, 7) a piece of hard soap; 8) printed paper with space to be filled in; 9)
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cover with a layer of different materials; 10) young person at school or having private lessons; 11) a long wooden bench usually without a back for several persons to sit on, 12) express in words, especially fully and clearly; 13) flat surface with words cut or written on it; 14) front part of the head; 15) manner of behaving or speaking] fixed, required or expected by custom or etiquette.
VIII. Choose the correct item.
1. The ... (original, origin, orgy) of the Sumerians remains obscure. 2. The Sumerians were sure that they could provide a fit residence for the deity creating
... (artificial, artistic, artless) mountains. 3. The ... (dominant, domestic, domain) role of the temple is reflected in the arrangement of the Sumerian cities. 4. The deities are distinguished from the rest by the larger diameter of the ... (students, puppies, pupils) of their eyes. 5. The Sumerian sculptor s sense of ... (humour, colour, form) was based on cone and cylinder. 6. The bodies as well as ... (facades, faces, phases) are simplified and schematic. 7. They developed their distinctive form of writing in ... (cuneiform, hieroglyphics, Cyrillic)
IX. Learn some useful techniques for making up a dialogue,
a) Read the following passage about the way for getting information.
When you ask people questions they sometimes give you the wrong information, as they didn’t t catch your idea. You don t want to be misled. Here are some techniques for getting, the information you need.
1.I am sorry, what I mean is ... . 2. Sorry, you didn’t quite follow what I said, so ... .
3. Sorry, that’s not quite what I meant, what I really wanted to know was … .4. Sorry to press you, but could you tell me... ? 5. Sorry to say, but you didn’t grasp the idea; I’d like to know ....
b ) U s e t h e e x p r e s s i o n s 1 - 5 m e n t i o n e d a b o v e i n t h e f o l l o w i n g d i a l o g u e .
A: (start a conversation).
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B: Right you are. We are really talking about the ancient art.
A:(apologize and ask if he / she could tell you about the Art of the Near East).
B:Are you interested in ancient or modern Near East Art?
A: (choose ancient times).
В: I wonder what kind of art is the most interesting for you: Sumerian, Akkadian, Assyrian or Persian?
A: (you want to get more information about the Tower of Babel).
B. Well, it’s Sumerian art. As far as I remember, it was a kind of a ziggurat that was completely destroyed.
A:(correct your partner as you want to know about the remains brought to light by excavations).
B:Do you mean excavations done by the German archaeologist Robert Coldeway?
A:(apologize for pressing and ask to repeat the name of the archaeologist).
B:Robert Coldeway. He did the excavations in 1898.
A:(thank your partner and admire his memory).
c)Make up your own dialogue using the expressions given in this exercise.
X.Describe a masterpiece. Use this brief information and make up your own description of the “White Temple Ziggurat” or an offe ring stand the “BillvGoat and Tree”.
White Temple Ziggurat
It’s a magnificent ziggurat standing on a raised platform and dedicated to the god of sky Anu. The remains of the White Temple were found at Warka, the site of the Sumerian city of Uruk.
The mound with the sloping sides rises to a height of 40 feet. Stairs and ramps lead up to the raised platform on which the sanctuary stands. The heavy walls are
articulated by regularly spaced projections and recesses. They are whitewashed
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