Give the Infinitive (the 1st form) of the following verbs:
did, got, became, meant, knew, told, was, had, went, made, took, were, came, taught, understood, paid
Read the verbs paying attention to the pronunciation of‘-ed’, a *{e)s. Give the Infinitive:
cared, joined, studied, answered, increased, wanted, planned, helped, continued, worked, thanked, liked, washed, watched
State the tense of the verbs. Translate the sentences:
My relatives got a letter from me a week ago. 2. Every mother cares for her children. 3. He will study many subjects at the Institute. 4. Last year she entered the Institute. 5. We shall read scientific articles in medical journals.
XXVI: Turn the 1st and 3rd sentences into Past Indefinite and the 2nd and 4th — into Future Indefinite:
1. Many students want to join the Foreign Language Society. 2. My friend always helps me to learn Anatomy.
He does not study French as he studies English. 4. Medical students study many clinical subjects in the fourth year.
Answer In short:
1. Is your brother an adult? 2. Had you entrance examinations in September? 3. Do you get an increased stipend?
Will you become a doctor next year? 5. Did you join the Young Communist League last year? 6. Have you relatives in Moscow?
Answer the alternative questions:
1. Does this fellow-student live at the hostel or with his relatives? 2. Had you entrance examinations in July or in August? 3. Do you get an increased or an ordinary stipend?
Make sentences from the following words:
1. in future, become, doctors, shall, we; 2. in Anatomy, yesterday, had, we, a lecture; 3. the library, take, the, students, from, books
LESSON 3
HOME ASSIGNMENTS
Запомните:
Перед e, i, у буква с читается [s], а буква g—[cfe], в остальных случаях с читается [k], a g — [g].
г- [s] face, cite, cyst
I— [k] can, cut, cold, clot, back
.-[cfe] large, gin, gym ® I— [g] game, gum. got, grippe, bag
Буквосочетания ai, ay, ei, ey в ударных слогах обычно читаются [ei]: daily [‘deili] ежедневно; pay [pei] платить; vein [vein] вена; grey [grei] серый.
Буква у в начале слов перед гласной читается Щ: yellow [‘jelou] желтый.
Буква а перед ss, sk, st, sp, nee, th, ft обычно читается [a:]: last [last] прошлый; after [‘aifta] после, после того как.
1. human apatomy; 2. during the three-years’ period; 3. to diagnose a disease; 4. to carry out laboratory analyses; 5. at the end of; 6. to gain knowledge (experience); 7. the place of their work appointment; 8. to treat people for different diseases with medicines простая дробь? 8. Как читается десятичная дробь? 9. Как читаются цифры, обозначающие календарные даты?
15; 11; 130; 348; 12; 0.001; 0.05; 2/3; 41st; 12th
^ i 1
Напишите по-англицски: , - '
первое сентября, первого сентября; второе августа, второго августа; десятое января, десятого января.
1. This is a pencil. The pencil is red. 2. My friend wrote an article. The article is interesting.
1. Что такое артикль? Какие артикли вы знаете? 2. Когда употребляется неопределенный артикль? 3. Когда употребляется определенный артикль?
б. Скажите, почему отсутствуют артикли в следующих предложениях: 1. Moscow is in Europe. 2. My friend lives at this hostel. 3. We study
Biology, Anatomy and Histology. 4. He is ill with tuberculosis. 5. Professor Smirnov lives here.
в. Скажите, какой артикль и почему употреблен в предложениях:
1. Rostov stands on the Don. 2. The Black Sea is in the South. 3. They went to the Urals. 4. We live in the Soviet Union.
Объясните употребление или отсутствие артиклей:
1. Не gets a stipend. 2. They are adults. 3. The Soviet Union is a large industrial country. 4. Is he ill with tuberculosis? 5. My father works at a surgical department of the clinic.
(Вспомните, как образуется множественное число существительных.) Прочтите слова и проверьте себя по справочнику:
a lamp — lamps [s], a hand — hands [z] a box — boxes [iz], a mass — masses [iz] a baby — babies [iz], history — histories [iz] a wife — wives, a life — lives a man — men, a tooth — teeth
* Напишите следующие предложения во множественном числе:
1. She was a nurse. 2. Не is a child. 3. The box is on the table. 4.1 am a young man. 5.1 shall be a doctor.
I am here. All know me. All know my work.
He is here. All know him. All know his work.
She is here. All know her. All know her work.
It is here. All know it. All know its work.
We are here. All know us. All know our work.
You are here. All know you. All know your work.
They are here. All know them. All know their work.
1. Как называются местоимения в каждой колонке? 2. На какие вопросы они отвечают и какими членами предложения являются?
see (его) and (его) sister. 2. We know (их) and (их) children. 2. She teaches (нам) Biology. 4. (Наш) Institute is in Kirov street. 5. He likes (свою) work. 6.1 see a car. I see (ее) well. (Ее) colour is black. 7. Do you know (ее) and (ее) brothers? 8. He meets (меня) every day.
Text В
The 1st Moscow Medical Institute was founded in 1764. Now it has over 70 departments. As in all Soviet medical institutes, the course of studies is six years. During this period the students master (овладевают) the basis of theoretical and practical medicine.
For two years the students learn the so-called pre-clinical subjects,1 such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Human Anatomy, Histology and others.
The students have clinical subjects from the third to the fifth year. During the three-years’ period the students learn to diagnose different diseases, to carry out laboratory analyses and to treat people for these diseases.
At the end of the third year all the students have a six-weeks’ practical training. During this period they work as nurses. After their 4th year the students have another practical training. It lasts for eight weeks. During the second practical training they work as doctors’ assistants at the therapeutic, surgical and other departments. After the 5th year the students have a six-weeks’ practical training at a polyclinic. So in five years2 the students gain the knowledge necessary for a general practitioner3.
In the 6th year the students gain more experience in one of the three main clinical subjects: Therapy, Surgery or Obstetrics.
When the students complete subintemship4 they get their work appointment. But before they begin to work at the place of their appointment they work as interns5 at a large hospital.
Such a system when a young doctor specializes for two years in one field of medicine helps to prepare necessary specialists.
Notes
the so-called pre-clinical subjects—так называемые доклинические предметы (теоретические)
in five years—через пять лет. Предлог in в значении через употребляется с существтельиымн, обозначающими период времени.
a general practitioaer — врач общего профиля, практикующий врач
subinternship — субординатура (врачебная практика студентов 6 курса)
an intern — интери, молодой врач-стажер
CLASS ASSIGNMENTS
Read and explain the rules of reading:
plaster, complete, polyclinic, general, gain, young, city, afternoon, main, they, X-ray, vein, yesterday, master, last
Form the ordinal numerals:
5,2,3,21,12,30,113
Answer the questions:
1. What date is it today? 2. What date was it yesterday? 3. What date will it be tomorrow? 4. What date was it the day before yesterday? 5. What date will it be the day after tomorrow?
Explain the use or omission of articles:
1. The doctor treats him for tuberculosis. 2. They specialized as nurses. 3. The doctor asked the nurse to prepare all the analyses necessary for the diagnosis. 4. Medical students study general subjects in the first and second year. 5. He is the best student among us.
Give the singular of the following nouns:
women, teeth, feet, children, friends, lives, studies, dresses
Give the plural of the following nouns. Spell the endings:
baby, history, wife, life, mass, box
Translate these sentences. Find the pronouns:
1. My father is over 35 years old. 2. Do you know them and their parents?
Many of her relatives study at different institutes. 4. At the conference I met him among the delegates. 5. Their practical training lasted for a month.
Substitute the nouns in bold type for the Personal Pronouns in the Objective Case:
The nurse cares for these children. 2. Yesterday I read a medical article.
The teacher asked my friend a question. 4. We saw your sister last week. 5. Your brother knows me and my parents well.
Translate into English:
Он обосновал свои научные исследования на экспериментах. 2. В какой области медицины вы думаете работать? 3. Занятия в институте отличаются от занятий в школе. 4. По понедельникам наши лекции заканчиваются в два часа. 5. На первом курсе студенты изучают в основном теоретические предметы. 6. Наша первая лекция по биологии была 10 сентября. 7. Сегодня десятое-октября.
Read text С. Make the plan, retell:
Text C. Medical Faculty of the Patrick Lumumba University
Young people from Asia, Africa and Latin America study together with Soviet students at the Medical Faculty of the Patrick Lumumba University in Moscow. As they come from foreign countries and have no relative^in Moscow they live at a hostel.
This medical faculty is a little (немного) different from clinical faculties in other Soviet medical institutes. It prepares general practitioners who gain good knowledge of therapy, surgery or obstetrics. The students of this faculty also specialize in such subjects as sanitation, epidemiology and hygiene [‘haid3i:n]. These subjects are very necessary for doctors in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The professors, teachers and lecturers of this faculty pay great attention to prophylactic subjects.
When a foreign student completes his medical course he gets an appointment to work as an intern at one of the hospitals in Moscow. This helps him to gain more experience and to increase his knowledge of one of the main fields of medicine.
UNIT 2. CLASSES AND EXAMINATIONS
Правила чтения: Буквосочетания wa, war, wor, wh; al перед согласной; sh, ch, tch, ph, th; air, ear, eer перед согласной.
Словообразование: Суффиксы -иге, -у, -ion, -(i)ty, -ment.
Грамматика: Способы передачи падежных отношении в английском языке; предлоги; оборот there + be; безличные предложения; модальные глаголы can, may, must; общие и специальные вопросы; указательные и неопределенные местоимения; степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий; образование Present Participle; времена группы Continuous Active.
Если этому суффиксу предшествует согласная t, то сочетание - ture читается [t/э]: structure [‘strAktJb] строение, структура. Если ему предшествует согласная s, то сочетание -sure читается [зэ]: measure [‘тезэ] мера, измерение; а если ss, то сочетание -ssure читается Цэ]: pressure [‘pre/э] давление.
nature, pleasure, mixture, lecture, picture, future, culture
Суффикс-у образует прилагательные от существительных: salt соль—salty соленый. Суффикс-у также встречается у существительных и глаголов: remedy [‘remidi] лекарство; carry [‘kaeri] нести. У глаголов этот суффикс может читаться [ai]: to supply [ss’plai] снабжать.
а) существительные: difficulty, study, body; б) глаголы: apply, multiply, study; в) прилагательные: happy, airy, wordy, healthy, sunny
Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания: numerous [‘nju:rmrss] а многочисленный perform [рэТэ:т] v выполнять, осуществлять attend [э’tend] v посещать (лекции, собрания) listen [‘lisn] v слушать (to); прослушивать (to) deliver [di’liva] v читать (доклад, лекцию)
clear [klis] а ясный, чистый; прозрачный
need [ni:d] u нуждаться (в чем-л.); to need badly очень нуждаться (в чем-л.) deep [di:p] а глубокий
hard [had] а трудный, упорный; adv настойчиво, упорно possibility [.poss’biliti] n возможность term [ts:m] n семестр; термин several [‘sevrsl] а несколько
middle [‘midi] а средний; n середина; in the middle of в середине
whole [houl] а целый, весь
successful [sak’sesful] а успешный, удачный
numerous [‘nju:rmr3s]: numerous books, numerous examples, numerous subjects, numerous things;
dear [klia]: a clear day, clear water, a clear head, the question is clear, it becomes clear;
need [m:d]: to need badly, I need a book, we need it very much, do you need any help? He needs great care.
whole [houl]: the whole day, the whole year, the whole world, the whole country, the whole summer;
successful fsak’sesful]: a successful beginning, a successful end, successfully, to pass the examinations successfully
Поставьте сказуемое в Present Indefinite (письменно):
1. The assistant carried out numerous experiments. 2. The students attended classes in different subjects. 3. The doctor listened to the heart. 4. Professor Sobolev delivered his lectures on Fridays.
* Проработайте таблицу 1 (стр. 270). Ответьте на вопросы:
1. Сколько падежей имеется в английском языке? 2. Какими способами передаются русские падежные отношения в английском языке? 3. Назовите способы передачи каждого из русских падежей в английском языке.
Объясните способы передачи падежных отношений. Предложения переведите:
1. The lectures delivered by the professors of our Institute are interesting.
Usually write my exercises with a ball-pen. 3. Our assistant’s experiments were successful. 4. He pays great attention to his studies.
Пользуясь таблицами 25,26 (стр. 299), ответьте на вопросы:
1. На какие вопросы отвечают существительные с предлогами at, in, on (to, into; from, out of)? Что они обозначают и как переводятся? 2. В каком еще значении могут выступать предлоги at, on, in? 3. Изучите таблицу прочих предлогов.