Page 402 |
DICOM PS3.17 2020a - Explanatory Information |
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DICOM |
Notations for Clinical Use with Traditional Charts Scales for statistics and graphical |
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displays |
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Decimal Visual Acuity |
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Traditional scales |
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Linear Scales |
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Decimal |
US |
6 m |
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LogMAR |
VAS |
2.63 E-02 |
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1.58 |
21 |
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2.50 E-02 |
0.025 |
20/800 |
6/240 |
1.60 |
20 |
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2.40 E-02 |
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1.62 |
19 |
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2.30 E-02 |
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1.64 |
18 |
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2.20 E-02 |
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1.66 |
17 |
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2.10 E-02 |
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1.68 |
16 |
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2.00 E-02 |
0.02 |
20/1000 |
6/300 |
1.70 |
15 |
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1.90 E-02 |
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1.72 |
14 |
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1.82 E-02 |
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1.74 |
13 |
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1.74 E-02 |
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1.76 |
12 |
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1.66 E-02 |
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1.78 |
11 |
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1.60 E-02 |
0.016 |
20/1250 |
6/380 |
1.80 |
10 |
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1.50 E-02 |
0.015 |
20/1300 |
6/400 |
1.82 |
9 |
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1.45 E-02 |
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1.84 |
8 |
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1.38 E-02 |
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1.86 |
7 |
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1.30 E-02 |
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1.88 |
6 |
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1.25 E-02 |
0.0125 |
20/1600 |
6/480 |
1.90 |
5 |
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1.20 E-02 |
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1.92 |
4 |
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1.15 E-02 |
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1.94 |
3 |
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1.10 E-02 |
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1.96 |
2 |
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1.05 E-02 |
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1.98 |
1 |
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1.00 E-02 |
0.01 |
20/2000 |
6/600 |
2.00 |
0 |
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RR.2.5 ETDRS Charts
ETDRS charts feature Sloan letters with proportional spacing, 5 letters on each line, and a logarithmic progression of letter sizes with consistent increments of approximately 25% per line (10 lines equal a factor 10x). The ETDRS protocol specifies letter-by-letter scoring, viewing distance, illumination, use of different charts for right and left eye and other presentation parameters.
The full ETDRS protocol requires a wide chart on a light box, and cannot be implemented on the limited screen of a projector (or similar)chart.Thelogarithmicprogression,however,canbeimplementedonanydevice.ThisprogressionwasfirstproposedbyJohn Green in 1868 and follows the standard "Preferred Numbers, ISO standard 3 (1973) " series and the rounding preferences.
Use of ETDRS charts allows use of letter-by-letter scoring, which is more accurate than the line-by-line scoring used on traditional charts. Each row in the table is equivalent to 1 letter on an ETDRS chart (50 letters for a factor 10x). These steps are smaller than the just discernible difference; steps this small only become significant in statistical studies where a large number of measurements is averaged.
The smaller steps for letter by letter scoring may be expressed in two ways; either by using suffixes to a familiar (sometimes slightly rounded)setofvaluesorbyusingcalculatedvalues.Forclinicalusesuffixeshavetheadvantageofusingonlyfamiliaracuitynotations and reverting to the nearest clinical notation when the suffix is omitted. Calculated values look less familiar; but are sometimes used in statistical studies. Note that suffixes used in the context of an ETDRS chart have a defined value and affect the DICOM storage value, whereas suffixes used in the context of traditional charts do not.