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Irregular Verbs

Infinitive

Past

Past Participle

Infinitive

Past

Past Participle

be

was

been

lie

lay

lain

bear

bore

born(e)

light

lit

lit

beat

beat

beaten

lose

lost

lost

become

became

become

make

made

made

begin

began

begun

mean

meant

meant

bite

bit

bitten

meet

met

met

blow

blew

blown

pay

paid

paid

break

broke

broken

put

put

put

bring

brought

brought

read

read

read

build

built

built

ride

rode

ridden

burn

burnt (burned)

burnt (burned)

ring

rang

rung

burst

burst

burst

rise

rose

risen

buy

bought

bought

run

ran

run

can

could

(been able to)

say

said

said

catch

caught

caught

see

saw

seen

choose

chose

chosen

seek

sought

sought

come

came

come

sell

sold

sold

cost

cost

cost

send

sent

sent

cut

cut

cut

set

set

set

deal

dealt

dealt

sew

sewed

sewn

dig

dug

dug

shake

shook

shaken

do

did

done

shine

shone

shone

dream

dreamt (dreamed)

dreamt (dreamed)

shoot

shot

shot

drink

drank

drunk

show

showed

shown

drive

drove

driven

shut

shut

shut

eat

ate

eaten

sing

sang

sung

fall

fell

fallen

sit

sat

sat

feed

fed

fed

sleep

slept

slept

feel

felt

felt

smell

smelt (smelled)

smelt (smelled)

fight

fought

fought

speak

spoke

spoken

find

found

found

spell

spelt (spelled)

spelt (spelled)

flee

fled

fled

spend

spent

spent

fly

flew

flown

split

split

split

forbid

forbade

forbidden

spread

spread

spread

forget

forgot

forgotten

spring

sprang

sprung

forgive

forgave

forgiven

stand

stood

stood

freeze

froze

frozen

steal

stole

stolen

get

got

got

stick

stuck

stuck

give

gave

given

sting

stung

stung

go

went

gone

stink

stank

stunk

grow

grew

grown

strike

struck

struck

hang

hung (hanged)

hung (hanged)

swear

swore

sworn

have

had

had

sweep

swept

swept

hear

heard

heard

swim

swam

swum

hide

hid

hidden

take

took

taken

hit

hit

hit

teach

taught

taught

hold

held

held

tear

tore

torn

hurt

hurt

hurt

tell

told

told

keep

kept

kept

think

thought

thought

know

knew

known

throw

threw

thrown

lay

laid

laid

understand

understood

understood

lead

led

led

wake

woke

woken

learn

learnt (learned)

learnt (learned)

wear

wore

worn

leave

left

left

win

won

won

lend

lent

lent

write

wrote

written

let

let

let

 

 

 

181

Verbs, Adjectives, Nouns with Prepositions

1Appendix

 

absent from (adj)

allergic to (adj)

apply (to sb) for sth (v)

 

abstain from (v)

amazed at/by (adj)

approve of (v)

 

according to (prep)

amount to (v)

argue with sb about sth (v)

 

account for (v)

amused at/with/by (adj)

arrest sb for sth (v)

 

accuse sb of (v)

angry at what sb does (adj)

arrive at (a small place) (v)

 

accustomed to (adj)

angry with sb about sth (adj)

arrive in (a town) (v)

A

acquainted with (adj)

angry with sb for doing sth (adj)

ashamed of (adj)

 

advantage of (n)

annoyed with sb about sth (adj)

ask for (v) (but: ask sb a question)

 

advice on (n)

(in) answer to (n)

astonished at/by (adj)

 

afraid of (adj)

anxious about sth (adj)

attend to (v)

 

agree with sb on sth (v)

apologise to sb for sth (v)

(un)aware of (adj)

 

aim at (v)

appeal to/against (v)

 

 

bad at (adj) (but: He was

belong to (v)

blame sth on sb (v)

 

very bad to me.)

benefit from (v)

boast about/of (v)

 

base on (v)

bet on (v)

bored with/of (adj)

B

beg for (v)

beware of (v)

borrow sth from sb (v)

 

begin with (v)

(put the) blame on sb (n)

brilliant at (adj)

 

believe in (v)

blame sb for sth (v)

busy with (adj)

 

capable of (adj)

comment on (v)

connect to/with (v)

 

care about (v)

communicate with (v)

conscious of (adj)

 

care for sb (v) (= like)

compare with (v) (how people and

consist of (v)

 

(take) care of (n)

things are alike and how they are

contact between (n) (but: in

 

care for sth (v) (= like to

different)

contact with)

 

do sth)

compare to (v) (show the likeness

content with (adj)

 

careful of (adj)

between sb/sth and sb/sth else)

contrary to (prep)

 

careless about/with (adj)

comparison between (n)

contribute to (v)

C

cause of (n)

complain of (v) (= suffer from)

convert to/into (v)

 

certain of (adj)

complain to sb about sth (v)

cope with (v)

 

charge for (v)

(= be annoyed at)

correspond to/with (v)

 

charge sb with (a crime) (v)

compliment sb on (v)

crash into (v)

 

cheque for (n)

comply with (v)

crazy about (adj)

 

choice between/of (n)

concentrate on (v)

crowded with (adj)

 

clever at (adj) (but: It

(have) confidence in sb (n)

cruel to (adj)

 

was very clever of

congratulate sb on sth (v)

cure for (n)

 

you to buy it.)

connection between (n)

curious about (adj)

 

close to (adj)

(but: in connection with)

 

 

date back to (v)

depart from (v)

disagree with (v)

 

date from (v)

departure from (n)

disappointed with/about (adj)

 

deal with (v)

depend on/upon (v)

disapprove of (v)

 

dear to (adj)

describe sb/sth to sb else (v)

discourage from (v)

 

decide on/against (v)

description of (n)

discussion about/on (n)

 

decrease in (n)

die of/from (v)

dismiss from (v)

D

dedicate to (v)

die in an accident (v)

dissatisfied with (adj)

 

deficient in (adj)

differ from (v)

distinguish between (v)

 

delay in (n)

(have) difference between/of (n)

dream about (v)

 

delight in (v)

different from (adj)

dream of (v) (= imagine)

 

delighted with (adj)

difficulty in/with (n)

dressed in (adj)

 

demand for (n)

disadvantage of (n) (but: there’s a

 

 

demand from (v)

disadvantage in doing sth)

 

 

 

 

 

182

Verbs, Adjectives, Nouns with Prepositions

Appendix 1

 

eager for (adj)

(make an exception of sth/sb = treat

experiment on/with (v)

 

(put) effort into sth (n)

sb/sth as a special case

expert at/in (sth/doing sth) (n)

 

emphasis on (n)

take exception to sth = object to

(= person skilled at)

 

engaged in sth (adj)

sth)

expert at/in/on (sth/doing sth) (adj)

 

engaged to sb (adj)

exchange sth for sth else (v)

(= done with skill or involving great

E

enthusiastic about (adj)

excited about (adj)

knowledge)

 

equal to (adj)

exclaim at (v)

expert with sth (n) (= good at using

 

escape from (v)

excuse for (n)

sth)

 

example of (n)

excuse sb for (v)

expert on (n) (= person

 

excellent at (adj)

expel from (v)

knowledgeable about a subject)

 

exception to (n)

experienced in (adj)

 

 

 

 

 

 

failure in (an exam) (n)

famous for (adj)

friendly with/to (adj)

 

faithful to (adj)

fed up with (adj)

frightened of (adj)

F

familiar to sb (adj)

fill sth with sth else (v)

full of (adj)

 

(= known to sb)

fond of (adj)

furious with sb about/at sth (adj)

 

familiar with (adj) (= have

forget about sth (v)

 

 

knowledge of)

forgive sb for (v)

 

 

 

 

 

 

genius at (n)

good at (adj) (but: He was very

guilty of (adj) (but: He felt guilty

G

glance at (v)

good to me.)

about his crime.)

 

glare at (v)

grateful to sb for sth (adj)

 

 

 

 

 

 

happen to (v)

hear of (v) (= know that sth or sb

(no) hope of (n)

 

happy about/with (adj)

exists)

hopeless at (adj)

H

hear about (v) (= be told)

hope for sth (v)

 

 

hear from (v) (= receive a

 

 

 

letter/phone call)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

idea of (n)

increase in (n)

interfere with/in (v)

 

identical to (adj)

indifferent to (adj)

invest in (v)

I

ill with (adj)

information about/on (n)

invitation to (n)

 

impressed by/with (adj)

insist on (v)

invite sb to (v)

 

(make an) impression on

(have no) intention of (n)

involve in (v)

 

sb (n)

interest in (n)

 

 

include in (v)

interested in (adj)

 

Jjealous of (adj)

 

knock at/on (v)

keen to do sth (adj)

key to (n)

K

know about/of (v)

kind to (adj)

knowledge of (n)

 

keen on sth (adj)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lack in (v)

lean on/against (v)

look at (v)

L

lack of (n)

lend sth to sb (v)

 

 

laugh at (v)

listen to (v)

 

 

 

 

 

 

married to (adj)

mention to (v)

mix with (v)

M

mean to (adj)

mistake sb for (v)

 

 

 

 

 

 

name after (v)

nervous about (adj)

(take) (no) notice of (n)

N

necessary for (adj)

new to (adj)

 

 

need for (n)

nice to (adj)

 

 

 

 

 

 

obedient to (adj)

obliged to sb for sth (adj)

operate on (v)

O

object to (v)

obvious to (adj)

opinion of/on (n)

 

objection to (n)

occur to (v)

 

183

Verbs, Adjectives, Nouns with Prepositions

1Appendix

 

part with (v)

(have the) pleasure of (n)

pride oneself on sth/on doing (v)

 

patient with (adj)

point at/to (v)

prohibit sb from doing sth (v)

 

persist in (v)

(im)polite to (adj)

prone to (adj)

 

(take a) photograph of (n)

popular with (adj)

protect against/from (v)

P

picture of (n)

praise sb for (v)

protection from (n)

 

pity for (n)

prefer sth to sth else (v)

proud of (adj)

 

take pity on sb (phr)

prepare for (v)

provide sb with (v)

 

pleasant to (adj)

present sb with (v)

punish sb for (v)

 

pleased with (adj)

prevent sb from (v)

 

 

(take) pleasure in (n)

(take) pride in (n)

 

Q

quarrel about sth/with sb

qualified for (adj)

quotation from (n)

 

(v/n)

quick at (adj)

 

 

ready for (adj)

related to (adj)

respect for (n)

 

reason for (n)

relationship between (n) (but: a

respond to (v)

 

reason with (v)

relationship with sb)

responsibility for (n)

 

receive from (v)

relevant to (adj)

responsible for (adj)

R

(keep) a record of (n)

rely on (v)

result from (v) (= be the

 

recover from (v)

remind sb of/about (v)

consequence of)

 

reduction in (n)

remove from (v)

result in (v) (= cause)

 

refer to (v)

replace sth with sth else (v)

result of (n)

 

(in/with) reference to (n)

reply to (n/v)

rich in (adj)

 

refrain from (v)

report on (n/v)

rise in (n)

 

regardless of (prep)

reputation for/of (n)

rude to (adj)

 

safe from (adj)

shout at (v)

subject to (adj/v)

 

same as (adj)

shy of (adj)

submit to (v) (but: submit sth for

 

satisfied with/by (adj)

sick of (adj)

publication)

 

save sb from (v)

similar to (adj)

subscribe to (v)

 

scared of (adj)

smell of (n/v)

succeed in (v)

 

search for (v/n)

smile at (v)

suffer from (v)

S

(be) in search of (n)

solution to (n)

superior to (adj)

 

sensitive to (adj)

sorry about (adj) (= feel sorry for sb)

sure of/about (adj)

 

sentence sb to (v)

(but: I’m sorry for doing sth)

surprised at/by (adj)

 

separate from (v)

specialise in (v)

suspect sb of (v)

 

serious about (adj)

spend money on sth (v)

suspicious of (adj)

 

shocked at/by (adj)

spend time in/doing sth (v)

sympathise with (v)

 

short of (adj)

stare at (v)

 

 

(have) taste in (n)

thankful for (adj)

tire of (v)

 

taste of (v)

think about/of (v)

tired of (adj) (= fed up with)

T

terrible at (adj)

threaten sb with sth (v)

translate from ... into (v)

 

terrified of (adj)

throw at (v) (in order to hit)

typical of (adj)

 

thank sb for (v)

throw to (v) (in order to catch)

 

 

wait for (v)

weak in/at (adj)

worthy of (adj)

W

warn sb against/about/of (v)

wonder about (v)

write to sb (v)

 

waste (time/money) on (v)

worry about (v)

 

 

 

 

 

184

Phrasal Verbs

Appendix 2

Break

break down = 1) (int) (of machinery) stop working;

2) (int) (of a person) lose control of feelings; 3) (int) (of talks/negotiations etc) fail; 4) (tr) separate under headings

break in = (int) enter by force or illegally

break into = 1) (tr) enter by force; 2) (tr) interrupt break off = (tr) end a relationship/agreement break out = (int) (of war, etc) begin suddenly break through = (int) advance (in spite of opposition)

break to = (tr) tell (usu bad news) to sb in a kind way break up = 1) (int) (of schools, etc); stop for holidays 2) (int) end a relationship

Bring

bring about = (tr) cause to happen bring back = (tr) cause to recall bring down = (tr) cause to fall

bring forward = (tr) move sth to an earlier date or time bring in = (tr) create profit/money

bring on = (tr) cause, usu sth unpleasant bring out = (tr) put on the market

bring round = 1) (tr) cause to regain consciousness; 2) (tr) persuade; bring over (to)

bring up = 1) (tr) raise a child; 2) (tr) mention/introduce a subject

Carry

be carried away = be very excited

carry off = (tr) handle a difficult situation successfully carry on (with) = (tr) continue with

carry out = (tr) conduct an experiment

carry through = (tr) complete successfully in spite of difficulty

Come

come across = (tr) find/meet by chance come by = (tr) obtain

come down to = (tr) be passed on to sb by inheritance come down with = (tr) become ill; go down with come into = (tr) inherit

come off = (int) succeed

come out = 1) (int) (of flowers) begin to blossom; 2) (int) be published; 3) (int) (of stains) be able to be removed

come round = 1) (int) visit casually; 2) (int) recover consciousness

come to = (tr) amount to a total

come up = 1) (int) be mentioned; 2) (int) arise; occur come up to = 1) (tr) approach; 2) (tr) equal; (of expectations) be up to

come up with = (tr) find (an answer, solution, etc)

Cut

cut across = (tr) take a shorter way

cut back (on) = (tr) reduce (expenses, production); cut down on

cut in = 1) (int) move suddenly in front of another car; 2) (int) interrupt

cut into = (tr) interrupt

cut off = 1) (tr) disconnect; 2) (tr) isolate (usu places) cut out = (tr) omit

be cut out for/to be = be suited for (a profession) cut up = (tr) cut into small pieces

Do

do away with = (tr) abolish

do down = (tr) speak badly of sb do in = (tr) kill

do up = (tr) fasten; tie do with = (tr) want

do without = (tr) live or continue without having sth/sb

Fall

fall apart = (int) come to pieces

fall back on = (tr) turn to sb/sth for help when other plans have failed

fall behind with = (tr) fail to keep up with

fall for = 1) (tr) fall in love with sb; 2) (tr) be deceived fall in = (int) collapse

fall in with = (tr) agree with

fall into = 1) (tr) be divided into (categories); 2) (tr) begin; enter a state

fall on = 1) (tr) attack; 2) (tr) eat hungrily fall out with = (tr) quarrel

fall through = (int) fail to be completed

185

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