Материал: Uchebnik_dlya_sud_expertov

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UNIT4. WHAT IS TELEPHONING?

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do, did, done, refer, referred, transmit, is, arise, arose, arisen, have, had, has, resolves, set, was, were, are, speak, spoke, spoken, hold, held, become, became, dial, make, made, build, built, come, came, began, begun, begin, flowed, flow .

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receives, around the world, separated, will consider, may be part of, has adapted, used, a portable handset, recognize, have entered, will build, is going to dispute, to alert, had connected, became, to speak, reproduce, remains, is coming in, clarified, confusing, is to allow, hoped to resolve, can be used.

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… is widely recognized; a call is coming in …; … are usually built; which communicates by radio; … is connected by a pair of wires; … has been adapted to many languages; …. receives sound; … still remains; … were not clarified by …; …. did pioneering experimental work; … has a portable handset; …. has long been considered; … is widely recognized; which reproduces the voice; … hoped to resolve the patent claims.

4. , “telephone” -

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1. Telephones are a point-to-point communication system. 2. Older phones have a telephone dial.

3. A caller is the person who telephones. 4. If the telephone rings in English, don't be afraid to answer it!

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“telephone”.

All telephones have a microphone to speak into, an earphone which reproduces the voice of the other person, a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is coming in, and a keypad (or in older phones a telephone dial) to enter the telephone number of the telephone being called.

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1.Speak slowly and clearly. 2. Don't pretend to understand everything you hear over the telephone.

3.Learn the appropriate expressions that English speakers use when they don't hear something properly. 4. Don't be afraid to remind the person to slow down more than once. 5. Keep your telephone in an area that is away from other noise distractions such as a radio or television. 6. Take the time to learn how to answer the phone and say goodbye in a polite manner, as well as all the various ways one can start and end a conversation casually. 7. Practise saying dates and numbers aloud.

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ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL - BRIEF BIOGRAPHY

Born on March 3, 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland, Alexander Graham Bell (to be) the son and grandson of authorities in elocution and the correction of speech. Educated to pursue a career in the same specialty, his knowledge of the nature of sound (to lead) him not only to teach the deaf, but also to invent the telephone.

In the 1870s, two inventors Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell both independently (to design) devices that could transmit speech electrically (the telephone). Both men (to rush) their

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respective designs to the patent office within hours of each other, Alexander Graham Bell (to patent) his telephone first. Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell (to enter) into a famous legal battle over the invention of the telephone, which Bell (to win).

Alexander Graham Bell's notebook entry of 10 March 1876 (to describe) his successful experiment with the telephone. Speaking through the instrument to his assistant, Thomas A. Watson, in the next room, Bell (to utter) these famous first words, "Mr. Watson -- come here -- I want to see you."

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TELEPHONE INFORMATION

The telephone (from the Greek: τ6λε, tēle, "far" and φωνή, phōnē, "voice"), often colloquially referred to as a phone, is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound, most commonly the human voice. Telephones are a point-to-point communication system whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to each other. It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world, and has long been considered indispensable to businesses, households and governments. The word "telephone" has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around the world.

All telephones have a microphone to speak into, an earphone which reproduces the voice of the other person, a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is coming in, and a keypad (or in older phones a telephone dial) to enter the telephone number of the telephone being called. The microphone and earphone are usually built into a handset which is held up to the face to talk. The keypad may be part of the handset or of a base unit to which the handset would be connected. A landline telephone is connected by a pair of wires to the telephone network, while a mobile phone or cell phone is portable and communicates with the telephone network by radio. A cordless telephone has a portable handset which communicates by radio with a base station connected by wire to the telephone network, and can only be used within a limited range of the base station.

The early history of the telephone became and still remains a confusing morass of claims and counterclaims, which were not clarified by the large number of lawsuits that hoped to resolve the patent claims of many individuals and commercial competitors. The Bell and Edison patents, however, were forensically victorious and commercially decisive. Credit for the invention of the electric telephone is frequently disputed, and new controversies over the issue have arisen from time to time. As with other great inventions such as radio, television, the light bulb, and the computer, there were several inventors who did pioneering experimental work on voice transmission over a wire and improved on each other's ideas. Innocenzo Manzetti, Antonio Meucci, Johann Philipp Reis, Elisha Gray, Alexander Graham Bell, and Thomas Edison, among others, have all been credited with pioneering work on the telephone. An undisputed fact is that Alexander Graham Bell was the first to be awarded a patent for the electric telephone by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) in March 1876. That first patent by Bell was the master patent of the telephone, from which all other patents for electric telephone devices flowed.

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1.What is a telephone?

2.What is the basic function of the phone?

3.What does it consist of?

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4.What is the difference between landline telephones and mobile phones?

5.Is a mobile phone the same as a cordless telephone?

6.What have you learned about the history of the telephone?

7.Why is invention of the electric telephone frequently disputed?

8.What fact is considered undisputed?

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1.appliance, device, apparatus, design, machine

2.radio, television, telephone, computer, forum

3.keypad, dial, number, microphone, earphone, ringer

4.mobile, forensic, cordless, landline, portable, cell

5.lawsuits, patents, counterclaims, controversies, claims.

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Model: A telephone connects …

A telephone is connected ….

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