Материал: Английский учебник

to achieve, to treat, to appoint, to require, to excite

2. from the adjectives by the suffix ‘-0)ty\ Translate these nouns:

human, able, active, possible, responsible, real, formal, rapid

13. Substitute the words of close meaning for the words in bold type:

1. He was nervous. 2. They came back in time. 3. ’}Vhen I was reading my sister was preparing her lessons. 4. We received a lejtter yesterday. 5. They appointed the time of their meeting. 6. We are grown-ups and understand well our responsibility for the health of people. '^{1 1} j‘ ‘

14. Translate the participles. Give the correspqnding infinitives:

studying, entering, getting, dying, returning, treating, performing

15. From the predicates given in brackets pick ojit and insert the correct one:

1. Who ... home now? Who usually ... home in the evening? (returns, is returning) 2. Doctor P.... the operation a week ago. Doctor P.... the operation from 10 till 12 a.m. yesterday, (performed, was performing) 3.1... a corpse at

2. p.m. tomorrow. I... a corpse tomorrow (shall dissect, shall be dissecting)

16. Answer the following questions:

1. Are the doctors fighting for the life of this patient?

2. Who is fighting for the life of this patient? 3. Wiiat are the doctors doing?

4. What are the doctors fighting for?

17. Find the corresponding English translation from the list given below. What new words have you found? Memorize the words in bold type:

1. Мы сдаем экзамены дважды в год. 2. Я обычно

ухожу из дома в 7 часов утра, но вчера я ушел позже.

3. Врач спас его жизнь. 4. Сначала подумай, потом отвечай. 5. Не ждите меня. 6. Я единственный сын в семье.

1. The doctor saved his life. 2. First think, then answer. 3. Don’t wait for me! 4. We take examinations twice a year. 5.1 usually leave home at 7 a.m. but yesterday I left it later. 6.1 am the only son in the family.

18. Read Text H. Find the sentences in the Continuous tenses and translate them: ■, -^J '

Text H. An Interesting Meeting

Twice a month we hold different group meetings at which we discuss many problems of our student’s life or have political talks.

But this time it was not an ordinary meeting. We were going to meet one of the former students of our Institute. Now he is working as the Head of the Chair of Surgery. He is a professor and a very talented surgeon. Everybody considers that he is a qualified specialist in the field of heart surgery. He devotes much time to scientific work and is the author of numerous articles on the surgical treatment of some heart diseases.

That’s why we were so excited. We were talking about the coming meeting and preparing the questions which we were going to ask Prof. Lukin.

Soon the door opened and the man whom we were waiting for entered the room. Our excited talk stopped and the meeting began. First of all our Komsomol group organizer greeted (приветствовал) Prof. Lukin and asked him to tell us something about his work.

After graduation from the Institute Prof. Lukin got his work appointment to a small hospital. His first patient was a ten-year-old girl. The girl needed an operation badly. When he was preparing for the operation he felt great ex­citement. But when he began to operate he thought only of his responsibility for the girl’s life. How happy he was when he understood that he saved the girl!

There were many difficulties in his work as he had no experience but his elder colleagues were always ready to help him. He worked hard for several years. Sometimes he did not achieve successful results but he considered that his work of a surgeon was the only true work for him.

At the end of the meeting we thanked Prof. Lukin heartily. The meeting was so interesting that no one wanted to leave the hall.

19. Finish the sentences according to Text H. Choose the phrase from the list given below:

1. We have group meetings ... . 2. Prof. Lukin is ... . 3. We were excited because.... 4. Prof. Lukin told us about.... 5. The meeting was so interesting that....

we did not want to leave the hall, his first operation, twice a month, we had a meeting with Prof. Lukin, a specialist in heart surgery

20. Tell us about: a) your entering the Institute, b) your first examination session.

LESSON 8

HOME ASSIGNMENTS Revision

1. Повторите алфавит, правила чтения, способы словообразования, грамматические правила, лексический и текстовой материал цикла I (уро­ки 1—7).

2. Напишите следующие слова в транскрипции:

man, face, far, care, soon, book, term, work, air, ask, walk, month, ean, among, learn

3. Прочтите следующие слова и определите часть речи по суффик­сам. Слова переведите:

admission, examiner, treatment, ability, structure, fixation, daily, body, measure, early, healthy, pressure, rapidity

4. Ответьте иа следующие вопросы:

1. Какие формы имеют личные местоимения в косвенном падеже? 2. Какие вы знаете указательные местоимения? 3. Когда употребляются нео­пределенные местоимения some и any? Как переводятся они на русский язык? 4. Какие существительные образуют множественное число не по правилу? 5. При помощи каких суффиксов образуются степени сравнения прилагательных? 6. Какие прилагательные образуют степени сравнения при помощи слов more и most? 7. Какие прилагательные образуют степени сравнения не по общему правилу? 8. Чем отличается английское безлич­ное предложение от русского, и как оно переводится? 9. Как переводятся на русский язык предложения, начинающиеся с оборота there + be? 10.

Назовите формулу группы времен Continuous. 11. Как строятся общий и специальный вопросы? 12. В каком числе и лице добавляется окончание к глаголам в Present Indefinite? 13. Как образуется Past Indefinite правиль­ных и неправильных глаголов? 14. Как образуется вопросительная и от­рицательная форма глаголов в Present и Past Indefinite?

5. * Переведите и поставьте в соответствующей степени сравнения прилагательные и наречия, данные в скобках:

(л

1. Today the patient feels (плохо) than yesterday. 2.1 think that article is (необходимый) than the article which you are reading. 3. The experiment which the young scientist is carrying out is (успешный) of all he did before.

6. * Заполните пропуски предлогами там, где необходимо:

1 Monday the surgeon will perform the operation... the clinic. 2.... last week I was ill... the grippe. 3../. 19811 entered... the Medical Institute. 4. Let us go ... the dissecting-room to prepare "... our next Anatomy class. 5. The doctor was listening y. .the patient’s heart attentively.

7. Переведите следующие пары предложений:

1. The students were in the middle of the dissecting-room. There were many students in the middle of the dissecting-room. 2. The patients with tuberculosis were in the hospital. There were some patients with tuberculosis in that hospital.

8. * Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужном времени и переведите их:

1. My mother (чувствовать) worse yesterday. 2. The surgeon (произво­дить) a very difficult operation yesterday from 9 till 11 a.m. 3. Senior students (не посещать) lectures in Anatomy. 4. Next year the second-year students (слушать) to the lectures in Therapy. 5. You cannot see the Head of the Chair of Biology now, he (читать) a lecture.

9. * Выберите нужные модальные глаголы из данных в скобках:

1. We are first-year students. We... perform operations, (cannot, may) 2. Medical students... know Anatomy well, (may, must) 3.1 am waiting for my brother. He... come any minute, (may, can)

10. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам:

1. Не left the hospital in good health. 2. The doctor will have the possibility to examine this patient tomorrow. 3. The little girl was lying in bed, because she had a high temperature. 4. The day before yesterday we held our group meeting.

11. ^Переведите следующие предложения:

1. Let me dissect the corpse. 2. Let them finish this laboratory work today.

3. Let him treat this patient. 4. Let us return to the hostel now.

12. * Задайте вопросы, чтобы получить следующие ответы:

1. Yes, we completed some experiments yesterday. 2. Yes, some members of our scientific society deliver lectures. 3. Yes, he needs some care.

13. Прочтите и переведите текст А со словарём. Расскажите содер­жание клятвы врача. Выпишите английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

высокое звание врача; торжественно клянусь; трудиться добросо­вестно; оказать медицинскую помощь; совершенствовать медицинские познания и профессиональное мастерство; никогда не отказывать в сове­те; руководствоваться принципами коммунистической морали; быть вер­ным этой присяге.

Text A. The oath of the doctor of the Soviet Union

Receiving the lofty title of the doctor and beginning the medical practice,

1. solemnly take the oath:

To devote all my knowledge and strength to the protection and improvement of the people’s health, to the treatment and prevention of diseases, to work honestly wherever the interests of the society require;

To be always ready to give medical assistance, to deal with the patient attentively and carefully, to keep the medical secrecy;

To perfect the medical knowledge and professional skill, to promote the development of medical science and practice by honest labour;

To consult the colleagues wherever the interests of the patient may require and never to refuse an advice or assistance to anybody;

To preserve and to develop the noble traditions of Soviet medicine, to follow the principles of the Communist ethics in all the activity, always to remember about the lofty calling of the Soviet doctor, about the responsibility to the people and the Soviet state;

1. swear to be true to this oath during the whole life.

14. Прочтите и запомните чтение следующих слов. Переведите нх:

candidate [‘kaendidit], basis [‘beisis], function [‘fArjkfn], physiology

[,fizi’obd3i], pharmacology [fcuma’kobdsi], pathologic(al) [,pse93’lod3ik(al)], procedure [pr3’si:d33], psychology [sai’kobd3i]

15. Прометайте текст в. State the difference between the systems of preparation of doctors u the usa and our country.

Text B. Medical Education in the United States

In the USA the young man who has the secondary education¹ must pass through seven or eight years of hard study before he begins his work as a doctor.

First he has three or four years of premedical training at a university. Here he learns the main sciences. Only those students who show good results in their premedical training can become candidates for higher medical education. Those who do not continue their education can work as nurses.

The higher medical education is difficult. The students must study four years in the medical faculty of the university. During the first two years the student masters laboratory sciences. To learn² the structure of the human body the student studies Anatomy. The student must get deep knowledge of biological chemistry because it is the basis for clinical laboratory diagnosis and therapy.

The student learns the functions of the body theoretically from books and by laboratory experiments in classes of Physiology.

In the USA the curriculum³ of medical faculties, has such a subject as Psychology which teaches the student to deal with patients⁴ and understand human behaviour (поведение).

The student learns all other theoretical subjects such as Pharmacology and Pathologic Physiology before he begins to treat a patient.

In his third and fourth years the student gets instruction and practical experience in the treatment and care of the patient. During these years the student has the possibility to work at the hospital and learn much of main medical procedures and different diseases to be well prepared for his work.

Notes

1. the secondary education—среднее образование

2. to learn—зд. чтобы узнать

3. curriculum [ks’nkjubm]—учебный план; программа (института, университета)

4. to deal with patients—обращаться с больными

CLASS ASSIGNMENTS

16. Read the following and explain the pronunciation of the letters and letter combinations in bold type:

leave, last, tooth, teeth, circle, yellow, chair, appear, prepare, pure, while, whole, early, become, want, chest, short

17. Form and translate the new words using the given suffixes:

-ion(-ation), -sion, -tion: fix, prepare, decide, add, inform, infect, protect;

-ment: require, achieve, treat, appoint, excite;

-(i)ty: responsible, human, special, possible;

-(i)ly: day, successful, necessary, clear, deep, main;

-y: word, sleep, health, air, ease

18. Substitute the words in bold type for the words of the close meaning:

1. M. Sechenov is a well-known Russian physiologist. 2. At present we

study some premedical subjects. 3. The researcher will finish his experiment in a week. 4. The operation was over at five o’clock in the afternoon. 5. Our first term will last till the middle of January.

19. State the part of speech of the words in bold type. Translate the sentences:

1. 1. Last month they had practical classes at the Chair of Therapy. 2. These experiments usually last for about two hours. 3. There are two terms in the academic year. 4. The first-year students study many anatomical terms. 5. In summer I usually rest in the village. 6. My friend and I went to the theatre and the rest of our group went to the cinema. 7. What kind of books do you like?

8. We know that this doctor is a very kind and intellectual person.

2. 1.1 need your help very much. 2. A friend in need is a friend indeed (действительно). 3. The nurses take care of the patients. 4. She nurses the patients with great care.

3. 1. At the end of the winter term we shall take two examinations and at the end of the spring term we shall have five.

20. Answer the following questions:

What do we call: 1. a person who takes care of patients? 2. a doctor who operates on patients? 3. a doctor who treats patients with different medicines and remedies? 4. a person who discovers something new in the field of science?

5. a house where the students live? 6. a grown-up person? 7. the organ which pumps (нагнетает) blood (кровь) through the arteries and veins? 8. a fixed period of time during which the students study? 9. the completion of the course of studies at the Institute?

21. Supply questions to these answers:

1. Yes, we can dissect corpses. 2. Yes, they may fix the date of their consultation. 3. Yes, I must complete this work in time.

22. Turn the following sentences into negative:

1. My friend left the town for his summer holidays. 2. They are resting now.

1. return to the hostel at 2 p.m. 4. He feels tired after his classes.

ХХШ. Put special questions to the following using the given interrogative words:

1. My fellow-student got a good mark in English, (what какую) 2. Modern methods of treatment help the doctors to treat people successfully, (how) 3. The surgeon was working at the clinic from 9 a.m. till 2 p.m. (where) 4. My sister looks ill. (who) 5. He is tired because he works hard, (why)

24. Read the passages and answer the questions. Explain your answers:

1. Fred is in the dissecting-room. He is preparing for his Anatomy class. He is dissecting the corpse.

2. Boris is often in the dissecting-room. There he prepares for his Anatomy classes. He dissects corpses. Кто из них в данное время готовится к занятиям по анатомии?

1. On Fridays Nick went to the clinic. He helped the nurse. He took the patients’ temperature. He gave patients some remedies.

2. It was Friday yesterday. George was at the clinic for the whole day. He was helping the nurse. He was taking the patients’ temperature. He was giving patients some remedies. Кто из них обычно ходил в клинику по пятницам?

24. Read and translate Text С:

Text С. Oxford Colleges

Oxford is one of the oldest universities in England. This University has 32 colleges—27 for men and 5 for women. There are 16 faculties there, among them the medical, humanitarian and others. A large college has about 500 students; about one hundred students study at a small college. Most of the students of Oxford are those young people who finished private schools.

During the first days after his entrance to Oxford the student meets his tutor (teacher) and begins to work. At the first interview the tutor asks his student many questions. This helps the tutor to understand the general intellectual development of his student. The tutor tells him about the lectures which he must attend and gives the list of books which the student must read during the term.

At the beginning or end of each term the student must take college examinations in written form. In many colleges of Oxford the tutors meet with the head of the college regularly and discuss the students’ work.

At Oxford the working hours of the student are from 9 a.tm. to 1 p.m. At 9 o’clock he sees his tutor or goes to the library or to the lectures. From 2 p.m. to