Материал: English Grammar in Use_Raymond Murphy_2nd ed

going to: We use (be) going to when we have already decided to do something. Helen had already decided to Invite lots of people before she spoke to Dave.

Compare:

* 'George phoned while you were out.' 'OK. I'll phone him back.'

but * 'George phoned while you were out.' 'Yes, I know. I'm going to phone him back.'

* 'Ann is in hospital.' 'Oh really? I didn't know. I'll go and visit her.'

but * 'Ann is in hospital.' 'Yes, I know. I'm going to visit her tomorrow.'

B. Future happenings and situations (predicting the future)

Sometimes there is not much difference between will and going to. For example, you can say:

* I think the weather will be nice later.

* I think the weather is going to be nice later.

When we say 'something is going to happen', we know (or think) this because of the situation now. For example:

* Look at those black clouds. It's going to rain. (not 'it will rain' - we can see the clouds now)

* I feel terrible. I think I'm going to be sick. (not 'I think I'll be sick' - I feel terrible now)

Do not use will in situations like these. (See also Unit 20C.)

In other situations, it is safer to use will:

* Tom will probably arrive at about 8 o'clock.

* I think Ann will like the present we bought for her.

EXERCISES

23.1 Complete the sentences using will ('ll) or going to.

1. A: Why are you turning on the television?

B: I'm going to watch the news. (I/watch)

2. A: Oh, I've just realised. I haven't got any money.

B: Haven't you? Well, don't worry. --- you some. (I/lend)

3. A: I've got a headache.

B: Have you? Wait there and --- an aspirin for you. (I/get)

4. A: Why are you filling that bucket with water?

B: --- the car. (I/wash)

5. A: I've decided to repaint this room.

B: Oh, have you? What colour --- it? (you/paint)

6. A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping?

B: Yes, --- something for dinner. (I/buy)

7. A: I don't know how to use this camera.

B: It's quite easy. --- you. (I/show)

8. A: What would you like to eat?

B: --- a sandwich, please. (I/have)

9. A: Did you post that letter for me?

B: Oh, I'm sorry. I completely forgot --- it now. (I/do)

10. A: The ceiling in this room doesn't took very safe, does it?

B: No, it looks as if --- down. (it/fall)

11. A: Has George decided what to do when he leaves school?

B: Oh, yes. Everything is planned. --- a holiday for a few weeks and then --- a computer programming course. (he/have, he/do)

23.2 Read the situations and complete the sentences using will ('ll) or going to.

1. The phone rings and you answer. Somebody wants to speak to Jim.

CALLER: Hello. Can I speak to Jim, please?

YOU: Just a moment. --- him. (I/get)

2. It's a nice day. You've decided to sit in the garden. Before going outside, you tell your friend.

YOU: The weather's too nice to stay indoors. --- in the garden. (I/sit)

FRIEND: That's a good idea. I think --- you. (I/join)

3. Your friend is worried because she has lost an important letter.

YOU: Don't worry about the letter. I'm sure --- it. (you/find)

FRIEND: I hope so.

4. There was a job advertised in the paper recently. At first you were interested but then you decided not to apply.

FRIEND: Have you decided what to do about that job that was advertised?

YOU: Yes, --- for it. (I/not/apply)

5. You and a friend come home very late. Other people in the house are asleep. Your friend is noisy.

You: Shhh! Don't make so much noise. --- everybody up. (you/wake)

6. John has to go to the airport to catch a plane tomorrow morning.

JOHN: Ann, I need somebody to take me to the airport tomorrow morning.

ANN: That's no problem. --- you. (I/take) What time is your flight?

JOHN: 10.50.

ANN: OK. --- at about 9 o'clock then. (we/leave)

Later that day, Joe offers to take John to the airport.

JOE: John, do you want me to take you to the airport?

JOHN: No thanks, Joe. --- me. (Ann/take)

UNIT 24. Will be doing and will have done

A. Study this example situation:

Kevin loves football and this evening there is a big football match on television. The match begins at 7.30 and ends at 9.15. Paul wants to see Kevin the same evening and wants to know what time to come to his house.

PAUL: Is it all right if I come at about 8.30?

KEVIN: No, I'll be watching the football then.

PAUL: Well, what about 9.30?

KEVIN: Fine. The match will have finished by then.

B. 'I will be doing something' (future continuous) = I will be in the middle of doing something. The football match begins at 7.30 and ends at 9.15. So during this time, for example at 8.30, Kevin will be watching the match. Another example:

* I'm going on holiday on Saturday. This time next week I'll be lying on a beach or

swimming in the sea.

Compare will be (do)ing and will (do):

* Don't phone me between 7 and 8. We'll be having dinner then.

* Let's wait for Mary to arrive and then we'll have dinner.

Compare will be ~ing with other continuous forms:

* At 10 o'clock yesterday, Sally was in her office. She was working. (past)

It's 10 o'clock now. She is in her office. She is working. (present)

At 10 o'clock tomorrow, she will be in her office. She will be working.

C. We also use will be doing in a different way: to talk about complete actions in the future:

* A: If you see Sally, can you ask her to phone me?

B: Sure. I'll be seeing her this evening, so I'll tell her then.

* What time will your friends be arriving tomorrow?

In these examples will be ~ing is similar to the present continuous for the future. (See Unit 19A.)

You can use Will you be ~ing ...? to ask about somebody's plans, especially if you want something or want them to do something. For example:

* A: Will you be passing the post office when you're out?

B: Probably. Why?

A: I need some stamps. Could you get me some?

* A: Will you be using your bicycle this evening?

B: No. Do you want to borrow it?

D. We use will have (done) (future perfect) to say that something will already be complete. Kevin's football match ends at 9.15. So after this time, for example at 9.30, the match will have finished. Some more examples:

* Sally always leaves for work at 8.30 in the morning, so she won't be at home at 9

o'clock. She'll have gone to work.

* We're late. The film will already have started by the time we get to the cinema.

Compare will have (done) with other perfect forms:

* Ted and Amy have been married for 24 years. (present perfect)

Next year they will have been married for 25 years.

When their first child was born, they had been married for three years. (past perfect)

EXERCISES

Источник: https://files.student-it.ru/previewfile/281815

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