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41 a. Look at the pictures. What do these places have in common?

b.The words/phrases below are used in the texts. In what context do you expect each to be used? Make up sentences, as in the examples.

Text A: ancient limestone - high mineral content - relaxation and therapeutic purposes - dark and humid - caves - natural steam bath

Text B: bubbling geysers - active volcano areas - mud pools - hot springs - pain-relieving qualities - arthritis, rheumatism and neuralgia - spas

TextA: Thecavescontainancientlimestone.

TextB: TherearelotsofbubblinggeysersinNewZealand.

Writing

45 Write a short article about a famous health spot in your country. Write about:

ñbrief description of location / what it is famous for

ñhistorical details (if any)

ñspecial features

ñwhat to do there / recommendation

A

c.How do you think the title above is related to the pictures?

42 Which of the following can you find in your country: mudpools?hotspring?activevolcanicareas?cavesin mountains?naturalsteambaths?healthspas?

Why might a person visit such places?

43 a. Read the articles and decide which health spot each statement refers to. Write R(for Rotorua) or A(for Ainsworth Hot Springs). Then, explain the words in bold.

Which place:

1 was once used by miners? ..............

2has water that comes from deep

below the ground? ..............

3 has got caves? ..............

4 is famous for its volcanoes? ..............

5can be found in an area of natural

beauty? ..............

b.Read the articles again and find one similarity and one difference between each of the resorts.

c.Find synonyms for the highlighted words. Then, find words in the articles which are similar in your language.

d.In pairs, think of alternative titles for the articles.

44 What similar resorts are there in your country? What can you do there? Imagine you are a tourist guide, and give a talk to the class about one such resort.

The Selkirk Mountains in British Columbia, Canada, are famous for the Cody Caves System with its ancient limestone and natural hot springs. The springs have a naturally high mineral content and have long been used for relaxation and therapeutic purposes.

The native Indians originally discovered the springs, but now they form part of one of the country’s favourite holiday resorts. The springs got their name from George Ainsworth from Oregon, who founded Hot Springs Camp in 1882. At that time the only visitors were local miners and prospectors, but in the 1920s the springs were developed and caves and a pool were constructed. Meanwhile the mining industry declined, and all the mines were closed by the 1960s.

From its source in the Cody Caves, the water works its way down through the rock, and the deeper it goes, the hotter it gets. It finally surfaces at Ainsworth Hot Springs, where the water temperature varies from 35oC to 42oC. The caves are dark and humid and with the hot spring water at waist height they act as a natural steam bath.

The surrounding area is of great natural beauty. There are fantastic views of Kootenay Lake and the Purcell Mountains, and visitors can go hiking in Kokanee Provincial Park.

80

5

B

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rotorua in

New Zealand is

famous as one

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

most

active

 

 

of the world’s

 

 

 

 

 

 

volcanic

 

areas.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

It

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

geysers

,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

is

filled

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

mud pools and

natural

 

 

with

 

bubbling

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

are famous

for their

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

hot

springs

 

The

springs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

relaxing and

pain-relieving

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The waters can

 

 

 

 

 

qualities.

 

 

 

 

help people with

 

 

 

 

 

 

neuralgia, as well as

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

arthritis, rheumatism

and

 

 

 

 

 

 

Throughout

 

 

 

 

 

 

improve their

general health.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

history,

people

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

bathed

in

 

 

 

 

have visited the

area and

 

 

 

 

 

the mineral

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

rich hot

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

their aches and

pains.

 

 

springs to relieve

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the

 

hot

springs

 

The healing

properties

of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

were

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

discovered

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

by

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Maori people a long

 

 

 

 

the native

 

 

 

 

 

 

time ago but

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

made known

to

 

the

were only

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

rest of the

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1878

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

world in

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

when they

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

were

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

travelling

 

 

priest.

 

 

discovered

by

a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

He

 

found

 

that

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

arthritis

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

his

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

was cured

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

after

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

waters,

 

 

bathing

 

in the

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

and the

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

spring became

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

known

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the Priest Spring.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

as

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The

 

water from

 

the

Priest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

acidic

.

It

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Spring

is

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

flows from the

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

deep below

 

the

surface

 

volcanic

rock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

of

the earth,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

and its

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

temperature

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

to

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

varies from 33ÆC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

43ÆC. This is

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

totally

different from

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the

other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

springs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

area

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

alkaline

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the

 

water

is

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the

 

 

 

 

 

where

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

and

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

comes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

from nearer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the surface.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

There are

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in

many spas to visit

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

region

 

that

 

 

have

 

 

a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

number

of pools

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

with different

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

temperatures.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

attractions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

include

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

visiting a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

volcanic

crater,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

hiking

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in

 

a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

national

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

park

 

or

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

visiting a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

wildlife

reserve.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

81

Writing a for and against essay

We usually write a for and against essay in a formal style.

When we write the essay, we need to discuss both sides of the argument to give a balanced view.

Introduction

In the introduction we present the topic, but do not give our opinion.

Main Body

In the second paragraph we give the arguments for the topic together with justifications and examples.

In the third paragraph we give the arguments against the topic. We start each paragraph with appropriate topic sentences.

Conclusion

In the last paragraph we write a balanced personal opinion, or summarise the main arguments for and against.

We also need to use appropriate linkers to connect similar ideas and introduce opposing ideas.

Analysing the Rubric

46 Read the rubric, underline the key words and answer the questions.

Your school newspaper has asked you to write an article discussing the pros and cons of exercising to reduce stress.

Write your article in about 120-180 words.

1 What are you going to write?

2Who is going to read your piece of writing?

3 Should you use informal language? Why (not)?

4In pairs, think of two positive and two negative aspects of exercising to reduce stress. Compare your answers with the rest of the class.

82

Analysing a Model Text

47 a. Read the article and underline the correct linkers. Which:

ñ

list/add points

ñ

introduce reasons/examples

ñ

show contrast

ñ

introduce a conclusion

b. What is each paragraph about?

Do you know how dangerous stress can be? It affects us both physically and mentally, so reducing stress is something that we should all try to do. While many people feel that the best way to get rid of stress is some form of exercise, there are other ways which are just as effective.

The benefits of physical exercise are obvious.

1) Moreover/First of all, keeping fit helps your body stay strong and healthy. 2) Therefore/ Because you are less likely to get sick or suffer from stress-related health problems 3) such

as/in addition to heart attacks and cancer.

4)Furthermore/However, exercise is a good way to get rid of frustration and anger, because after

exercise the brain produces hormones called endorphins which make us feel good.

5)On the other hand/ Moreover, if you are out of shape, exercise can be quite painful. You may pull a muscle or injure yourself. 6) Due to the fact that/Furthermore, exercising may even cause more stress

7)what is more/since it will add to your already hectic schedule.

8) Last but not least/In conclusion, the best way to combat stress in our lives is to live a healthy life. As James Freeman Clark says, “Never hurry. Take plenty of exercise. Always be cheerful. Take all the sleep you need. You may expect to be well.”

48 a. Read the article again and list the points forand againstthe topic. Are they similar to yours? What justifications/examples does the writer give to support each point?

b.What topic sentences has the writer used in the main body? Suggest other appropriate ones.

c.What techniques has the writer used to start/end his article:

aquotation?addressingthereaderdirectly?arhetoricalquestion?Can you suggest another beginning/ending?

Topic Sentences

49 a. Choose the appropriate topic sentence 1-4 for the paragraph.

1 Society teaches women that good health matters more than body shape. 2 Women are getting the message that they are judged by their weight. 3 A woman’s physical appearance is less important than it used to be.

4Nowadays, a woman’s intelligence and her personality are considered more important than her looks.

............................................................. . On TV, in films and magazines, only thin women are considered beautiful, popular and successful. As a result, many women feel that their lives will improve only if they lose weight. Our society not only encourages women to become thin but almost insists on it.

b. Suggest a topic sentence for the paragraph.

........................................... . For instance, obesity can put a strain on the heart which can lead to heart disease. The extra weight also puts extra pressure on joints and bones, which makes it painful as well as difficult to move around.

Supporting Sentences & Linkers

50 Expand the prompts into full supporting sentences using appropriate linkers.

1There are many arguments against taking diet pills.

ñput on weight when you stop taking them

ñnot enough vitamins and minerals

ñmight have side effects/endanger health

2Cosmetic surgery has certainly got its advantages.

ñsurgeons can repair people’s faces if they are injured in an accident

ñpeople can have scars or blemishes removed

ñpeople can change parts of their bodies which make them unhappy/depressed

Discuss & Write

51 Read the rubric and underline the key words, then answer the questions.

Your school magazine has asked its readers to write an article discussing the advantages and disadvantages

of fast food. Write your article for the magazine in about 120180 words.

1 What type of composition are you going to write?

2What will the topic of each paragraph be?

3 Think of two pros/cons which you can include.

4In which paragraph can you write your opinion?

5Which techniques can you use to start/end your essay? Suggest a full beginning/ending.

52 a. Match the points to their justifications. Which are positive, and which are negative?

1

 

our bodies need a balanced diet

 

 

 

2

 

not healthy

 

 

 

3

 

convenient

 

 

 

4

 

large amounts of additives

afull of saturated fats and other chemicals

b we need some fats, sugars and salt in our diet

cit’s available whenever you want it

ddoesn’t provide you with enough vitamins/minerals b. Join the ideas into full sentences.

5

53 a. Look at the plan below, and use your answers to Exs 51 and 52a to answer the questions.

Introduction

(Para 1) How can you present the topic? What general remarks can you make?

Main Body

(Para 2) Which are the pros?

What examples can you think of?

(Para 3) Which are the cons?

What examples can you think of?

Conclusion

(Para 4) What is your opinion?

b.What linking words can you use to list/add points; introduce pros/cons; introduce examples; show contrast; introduce a conclusion?

c.Will you write your personal opinion?

d.What style will you use? Why?

e.What topic sentences will you use?

54 Use your answers to Ex. 53 to write your article for the magazine. You can use the article in Ex. 47 as a model.

55 Try to explain these quotations in your own words. How do they relate to the theme of the unit?

To get rich, never risk your health. For it is the truth that health is the wealth of wealth.

Richard Baker

Health is the first muse, and sleep is the condition to produce it. Ralph Waldo Emerson (US philosopher)

The first wealth is health. Ralph Waldo Emerson

83

Better Safe than Sorry

Lead-in

A

1Which of the following can you see in the pictures?

ñ mobile phone ñ credit card ñ ID card ñ ATM ñ CCTV ñ laptop computer ñ satellite dish ñ robot ñ radar screen

Which item do you think is the most/least useful?

How often do you/your parents use these items?

What other pieces of equipment do you use daily?

2Match the columns to make sentences.

 

CCTV (closed circuit

 

to store and organise

 

TV) cameras

 

information.

 

 

 

 

 

ID cards

 

to store large amounts of

 

 

information on circuits.

 

 

 

B

 

 

 

Radars

 

to monitor roads and

 

 

 

 

public areas.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Security systems

are

to identify you.

 

 

 

 

 

used

 

 

Satellites

to locate ships and planes

 

 

 

 

when we can’t see them.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ATMs

 

to collect and send inform-

 

 

ation to and from space.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microchips

 

to protect a building from

 

 

burglars.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Computers

 

to allow you to take

 

 

money out of the bank.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CCTVcamerasareusedtomonitorroadsandpublicareas.

C

Reading

D

3a. Read the headings A-H and the title of the article. What do you expect to read in the text? Read the article and check your guesses.

b.Read the text again and match the headings A-H to each part 1-6 of the article. There is one heading which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning.

A

A single card

 

B

A difficult decision

 

C

The positive side

 

D

Nothing is hidden any more

 

E

Keeping watch is expensive

F

 

 

FCaptured on film

G New forms of identification

EH Nowhere to hide

84

Источник: https://studfile.net/preview/16430601/

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